William F. Fox, Lt. Col. U. S. V., Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 1861-1865: A Treatise on the extent and nature of the mortuary losses in the Union regiments, with full and exhaustive statistics compiled from the official records on file in the state military bureaus and at Washington

[554] numbered over 1,500 men, each; and some of them over 1,800. The Confederacy organized but few new regiments after 1862; the recruits and conscripts were assigned to the old regiments to keep them up to an effective strength.

The total loss of the Confederate Armies in killed and mortally wounded will never be definitely known, and can be stated only in round numbers. A summing up of the casualties at each battle and minor engagement — using official reports only, and in their absence accepting Confederate estimates — indicates that 94,000 men were killed or mortally wounded on the Confederate side during the war.

In the report for 1865-6, made by General James B. Fry, United States Provost Marshal-General, there is a tabulation of Confederate losses as compiled from the muster-rolls on file in the Bureau of Confederate Archives. The returns are incomplete, and nearly all the Alabama rolls are missing. Still the figures are worth noting, as they show that at least 74,524 were killed or died of wounds; and, that 59,297 died of disease. From Gen. Fry's tabulation the following abstract is made:

deaths in Confederate Armies.

State.	killed.			died of wounds.			died of disease.
	Officers.	En. Men.	Total.	Officers.	En. Men.	Total.	Officers.	En. Men.	Total.
Virginia	266	5,062	5,328	200	2,319	2,519	168	6,779	6,947
North Carolina	677	13,845	14,522	330	4,821	5,151	541	20,061	20,602
South Carolina	360	8,827	9,187	257	3,478	3,735	79	4,681	4,760
Georgia	172	5,381	5,553	140	1,579	1,719	107	3,595	3,702
Florida	47	746	793	16	490	506	17	1,030	1,047
Alabama	14	538	552	9	181	190	8	716	724
Mississippi	122	5,685	5,807	75	2,576	2,651	103	6,704	6,807
Louisiana	70	2,548	2,618	42	826	868	32	3,027	3,059
Texas	28	1,320	1,348	13	1,228	1,241	10	1,250	1,260
Arkansas	104	2,061	2,165	27	888	915	74	3,708	3,782
Tennessee	99	2,016	2,115	49	825	874	72	3,353	3,425
Regular C. S. Army	35	972	1,007	27	441	468	25	1,015	1,040
Border States	92	1,867	1,959	61	672	733	58	2,084	2,142
Totals	2,086	50,868	52,954	1,246	20,324	21,570	1,294	58,003	59,297

If the Confederate rolls could have been completed, and then revised,--as has been done with the rolls of the Union regiments,--the number of killed as shown above (74,524) would be largely increased. As it is, the extent of such increase must remain a matter of conjecture. The Union rolls were examined at the same time, and a similar tabulation of the number killed appears, also, in General Fry's report. But this latter number was increased 15,000 by a subsequent revision based upon the papers known as “final statements,” and upon) newly-acquired information received through affidavits filed at the Pension Bureau.

To understand the full meaning of these figures one must keep in mind the sparse population of these States. Their military population in 1861 was:

Alabama	99,967	Louisiana	83,456	Tennessee	159,353
Arkansas	65,231	Mississippi	70,295	Texas	92,145
Florida	15,739	North Carolina	115,369	Virginia	196,587
Georgia	111,005	South Carolina	55,046	1Total	1,064,193

Of this number, Tennessee furnished 31,092 to the Union Armies; and the western counties of Virginia — afterwards set apart as West Virginia--furnished 31,872 men.