ὅσα ὑπέρ τε—τὸ αὑτοῦ] This clause seems certainly out of place here, though Schrader defends it as an example of τὰ ἁπλῶς ἀγαθά. ‘Qui enim ut patriam iuvet commoda sua negligit, is bonum simpliciter praefert illi quod huic bonum foret’: that is, he prefers general to special or particular good, (his own). But this does not account for the τε, which if the words are retained in the received order is as superfluous as it is inexplicable. The sense would be improved and the particle accounted for by transferring the clause so as to follow τὰ τοιαῦτα (§ 17 ad fin.) The passage will then run thus: ‘and all absolute (or general, see note on ἁπλῶς, c. 2 § 4) goods: and all natural goods (things which are naturally good, in themselves, and so good for all) and (therefore, or καί, ‘that is’) things which are not (specially and particularly) good to oneself (αὐτῷ), appropriated to particular individuals, because such things (things that are thus special and particular, and not common to others) carry with them the notion of selfishness or self-interest’. Here the clause comes in as the first example—‘anything, namely, which a man does either (τε) for his country, to the neglect of his own interest, or (καί) anything that a dead man may have the benefit of, rather than one who is living (such as posthumous fame, funeral orations, monuments to his memory); because such honours paid (or advantages accruing) to a man while he is alive, involve or imply more self-interest’, and are therefore less καλά. τὰ ἁπλῶς ἀγαθά] ‘Talia sunt quae absolute, citra respectum ad hunc hominem, locum, tempusve bona sunt. Unde τῷ ἁπλῶς, illi quod simpliciter tale dicitur, opponuntur τὰ αὐτῷ Rhet. I 7. 35, et III 13. 4, τὰ τούτοις III 19. I, τὰ τινί Top. III 1 (116 a 21), τὰ ἡμῖν Magn. Mor. I 1, τὰ πρὸς ἄλληλα de Gen. An. VII (sic); τὰ πῇ, ποῦ, ποτέ, πρός τι, de Soph. El. c. 5, 166 b 22.’ Schrader. Add ἢ ἁπλῶς ἢ ἐκείνοις, Eth. N. I 11, 1101 b 3. οὐδὲ ὁ ἁπλῶς, ἀλλ᾽ ὁ πῶς, Ib. II 4, 1106 a 1. καὶ τὰ τῇ φύσει ἀγαθά] Comp. 7. 33, τὸ αὐτοφυές. ‘Sunt profecto laudationibus minime incongruentes materiae, genus, parentes, patria, pul critudo, ingenii acumen, solertia, docilitas, tenax memoria, ingenita animi magnitudo, et quae a natura proveniunt bona alia.’ Schrader. αὐτῷ ἀγαθά] ‘good for him’, that is, for this or that individual. See note on c. 7. 35, τὸ αὐτὸ καὶ ἁπλῶς, and Schrader (quoted above on τὰ ἁπλῶς ἀγαθά).
Commentary on the Rhetoric of Aristotle. Edward Meredith Cope. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. 1877.
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