‘And not only the things already mentioned cause shame, but also the signs and outward tokens and indications of it’ (a σημεῖον is, in logic, the ordinary accompaniment of something the existence of which it indicates; the invariable accompaniment, a certain proof of the existence of it, is a τεκμήριον), ‘as in the case of sexual intercourse, not merely the act itself, but the signs of it. And similarly, people are ashamed not merely of shameful acts, but also of shameful words, foul language’. Quod factu foedum est, idem est et dictu turpe. Soph. Oed. R. 1409, ἀλλ̓ οὐ γὰρ αὐδᾷν ἔσθ᾽ ἃ μηδὲ δρᾷν καλόν. Isocr. ad Demon. § 15, ἃ ποιεῖν αἰσχρὸν, ταῦτα νόμιζε μηδὲ λέγειν εἶναι καλόν.
Commentary on the Rhetoric of Aristotle. Edward Meredith Cope. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. 1877.
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