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‘The proportional metaphor should always be reciprocally transferable, and to either of the two congeners; for instance, if the goblet is Dionysius' shield, then also the shield may be appropriately called Ares' goblet. Such then are the elements of which the speech (or discourse in general, or prose) is composed’. This section, and its concluding observation, are fully explained in detail in the Introd, pp. 290—292, to which the reader is referred. Anaxandrides (Meineke, Fragm. Comic. Gr. III. 201, Anax. Fr. Inc. XXXI.) as well as Antiphanes (Καινεύς, Meineke, Fragm. III. 58) quote this metaphor of Timotheus in ridicule. From Athenaeus, XI. 502 B, we learn that the goblets which Anaxandrides calls φιάλας Ἄρεος are τὰς καρυωτάς, ‘walnut-shaped’. This tends to confirm Twining's remark, on Poet. XXI. 12, note 185, that there was a resemblance in shape between this kind of cup and a shield, which helped to suggest and justify the metaphor. He refers, as also Buhle ad loc. Poet.—see also Gräfenhan, ad Poet. p. 157—to Hom. Il. XXIII 270, on the shape of the φιύλη, πέμπτῳ δ᾽ ἀμφίθετον φιάλην ἀπύρωτον ἔθηκε and the notes. I have followed Bekker, ed. 3, and Spengel, in his recent ed. [1867], who agree in excluding from the text the superfluous κυὶ ἐπί, before τῶν ὁμογενῶν,—apparently a mere repetition of the preceding καὶ ἐπί before θάτερα.
Commentary on the Rhetoric of Aristotle. Edward Meredith Cope. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. 1877.
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