[2]
I mean that things are set before the eyes by words
that signify actuality. For instance, to say that a good man is
“four-square”1 is a metaphor, for both these are complete, but
the phrase does not express actuality, whereas “of one having the
prime of his life in full bloom”2 does; similarly,
“thee, like a sacred animal ranging at will”3 expresses actuality, and in “
Thereupon the Greeks shooting forward with their feet4
” the word “shooting” contains both actuality and
metaphor.
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1 Simonides, frag. 5 （P.L.G. 2.）. Both a good man and a square are complete as far as they go, but they do not express actuality.
3 Isoc. 5.127. This speech is an appeal to Philip to lead the Greeks against Persia. As a sacred animal could roam where it pleased within the precincts of its temple, so Philip could claim the whole of Greece as his fatherland, while other descendants of Heracles （whom Isocrates calls the author of Philip's line） were tied down and their outlook narrowed by the laws and constitution of the city in which they dwelt.
4 Eur. IA 80, with δορί for ποσίν.
Aristotle in 23 Volumes, Vol. 22, translated by J. H. Freese. Aristotle. Cambridge and London. Harvard University Press; William Heinemann Ltd. 1926.
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