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[50] sent out with one hundred and fifteen men and a section of artillery, in aid of a New York regiment, but was surrounded in a fog and had three of his little band killed, three wounded, and sixty-six taken prisoners. On April 17-20 the 2d Heavy Artillery had a somewhat similar experience at Plymouth, N. C., a large part of Cos. G and H being taken prisoners, many of whom died in prison. Near Washington, N. C., the 17th was again engaged in a skirmish, with a small loss. At the end of the year (December 9-12) the 27th Regiment took part in an expedition to Hamilton, N. C., with slight loss.

In the following year (1865) a somewhat more serious affair occurred at Wilcox's Bridge, N. C., March 8-10, when the 17th, 23d, 25th and 27th Mass. infantries met with losses, as well as the 2d Heavy Artillery (five companies, near Kinston); and the 23d had also an engagement near Kinston March 14, with a small loss; but on the whole the North Carolina service proved less severe than was at first expected, though the loss from disease was considerable.


Xiii. The Peninsular campaign.

On Nov. 27, 1861, Lieutenant-General Scott, being seventy-five years of age, retired from the command of the American army and was succeeded by Maj.-Gen. G. B. McClellan, who, after some delay, submitted to the President the plan of a campaign against Richmond. On Feb. 27, 1862, the Secretary of War issued orders that steamers should be ready on March 18 to transport the newly organized Army of the Potomac to Fortress Monroe, and from March 17 to April 1 the troops embarked. They included the following Massachusetts infantry regiments: the 1st (Col. Robert Cowdin), the 7th (Col. D. N. Couch), the 9th (Col. Thomas Cass), the 10th (Col. H. S. Briggs), the 11th (Col. George Clark, Jr.), the 15th (Col. Charles Devens, Jr.), the 16th (Col. P. T. Wyman), the 18th (Col. James Barnes), the 19th (Col. E. W. Hincks), the 20th (Col. W. R. Lee), and the 22d (Col. J. A. Gove). The 1st Battery (Capt. Josiah Porter), the 3d (Capt. A. P. Martin), and the 5th (Capt. G. D. Allen) were also included in the Army of the Potomac.

The distribution of these forces was as follows:—

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