Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Massachusetts in the Army and Navy during the war of 1861-1865, vol. 1: prelminary narrative

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[68] twenty-four wounded. The losses on the Confederate side were, however, far greater, thus mitigating the close of a campaign which had been, on the whole, disastrous. On June 24, Grant ordered the transfer of the 19th Army Corps to Virginia; the Massachusetts troops still left in Louisiana being the 3d Mass. Cavalry, the 31st Infantry (mounted), and the 4th, 7th and 15th light batteries. All of these except the 3d Cavalry served under General Canby afterwards at the siege of Mobile, Ala., March 20–April 12, 1865.¹

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Xv. The Army of Virginia under Pope.

While McClellan was still before Richmond, a new army organization called the Army of Virginia was formed June 26, 1862, out of the three corps of Banks, Fremont and McDowell, which had hitherto acted independently of each other between Washington and the Shenandoah valley.² The three corps made about thirty-eight thousand men, afterwards increased by additions. They were placed under the command of Maj.-Gen. John Pope, who unfortunately forfeited confidence in advance by a rather bombastic proclamation. One of his first acts was to order a meeting between Banks and Sigel (who had succeeded Fremont), his corps commanders, at Culpepper on Aug. 8, 1862, and as Sigel failed to arrive, Banks attacked, the next day at Cedar Mountain, the army under ‘Stonewall’ Jackson, at first successfully then unsuccessfully, meeting at last with heavy loss. Banks was greatly outnumbered, but ‘attacking with much vigor but without much discretion he almost compassed a victory.’³ Though but a single Massachusetts regiment (the 2d, Colonel Andrews) was actively engaged, it was a battle most disastrous to the State. Out of twenty-three commissioned officers, only eight escaped unhurt, while one-half the non-commissioned officers and nearly one-third of the enlisted men were killed or wounded. Maj. James Savage, Jr., Capts. Richard Cary and Edward G. Abbott, W. B. Williams and R. C. Goodwin, with Lieut. Stephen G. Perkins, were all killed,⁴ and Surgeon Leland was severely wounded; Maj. James Savage, Jr., and Capts. Samuel M. Quincy and