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ἐστι. H. as an eyewitness uses the present. There were two kings called ‘Meles’ (Nic. Dam. frags. 24, 49; F. H. G. iii. 371, 382). For the defence of a fortress by magic cf. the burial of King Lud's head at Ludgate (Geoffrey of Monmouth, iii. 20), the removal of which by the over-confidence of a later king enabled Caesar to take London.

American explorers have been digging at Sardis since the beginning of 1910. They have discovered a great temple of Artemis, with a dedicatory inscription in Lydian of some length, but so far nothing that throws light on the earlier history of the city. Cf. J. H. S. xxx. 361, xxxi. 301.

τὸν λέοντα. The germ of the story may be a genuine native myth for the lion was the sacred beast of Sandon, the Lydian sun-god (cf. 50. 3 n.).

ἔστι δὲ πρός, κτλ. Translate, ‘It is the part of the citadel (πόλιος, cf. 80 n.) facing Tmolus.’

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