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ἀνεσταύρωσαν. Impaling was a Persian custom (iii. 159; vii. 238; Behistun Inscr.). The explanation of the satrap's and general's action is doubtless correct. The Persian grandees (cf. v. 23, vi. 1) feared and distrusted the Greek tyrant, who may have been ready to serve Darius, but not his lieutenants.

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