This text is part of:
64. Athens honours the sons of Iphiades
Three (?) fragments: a (EM 6820), found between Theatre of Dionysos and Odeion of Herodes Atticus, + b (EM 6820a), found in 1859 north of Parthenon. Walbank doubts that c (EM 5409) belongs. Right edge preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on right by 0.0175 wide anta. Surface worn, battered. White, medium-grained marble. EM 6820 + 6820a: p.h. 0.22 5, p.w. 0.24, th. 0.06, h. of relief 0.04, h. of letters 0.01. The fragmentary inscription is perhaps a grant of proxeny for the sons of one Iphiades. The ethnic of Iphiades and his sons is uncertain; Walbank notes that the name is known in Samos in the fifth century and in Abydos in the fourth. All that remains of the relief is the lower right corner consisting of a fragment of relief ground bordered on the right by an anta. On analogy with several other fifth-century stelai with blank spaces above their texts, it has been suggested that the panel was painted rather than sculpted, but in all the painted examples the blank space is flush with the inscribed surface rather than recessed and bordered by sculpted antae. The figures would have been centred in the middle of the panel (cf. nos. 7, 9, 13, 14, 16, 28). Early dates between 450 and the early 430s have been suggested on the basis of the letter forms by Meiggs, Walbank, and Lewis, but Mattingly has argued that some of the names and phrasing place it in the late 420s. Very little of the inscription is preserved and restorations of its dating formula are speculative. The earliest securely dated document relief with antae is the stele of 403/2 honouring the Samians (no. 12), although several others (nos. 11, 67, 74) are probably somewhat earlier. (Cf. nos. 63, 66, reliefs whose dates also depend upon the resolution of the controversy concerning the datable letter forms of this period.) K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1859) 1835 no. 3517; IG I Suppl. I, p. 21, 76a; A. Wilhelm, ÖJhBeibl 1 (1898) 44; AnzWien (1911) 170-75; IG 12 143; Wilhelm, AU 4 (1939) 28-31 no. xxiv, pl. 11; B. D. Meritt, Hesperia 10 (1941) 315-17; SEG 10.52; Meritt, Hesperia 21 (1952) 346-47; SEG 12.24; H. B. Mattingly, Historia 12 (1963) 263-65; BCH 92 (1968) 480-83; Meiggs, 425-27; Walbank, 115-22 no. 17, pl. 8; M. Osborne, CR 32 (1982) 258; SEG 32.1; G. Németh, ActaArchHung 39 (1987) 101-2; SEG 37.7.65.
Three fragments: EM 6615 (a, found on Akropolis), EM 6593 (b, found in south-facing wall of Akropolis near Brauronian sanctuary, c, found at north-east base of Akropolis). Fragment a has battered relief preserving right edge, otherwise broken all around. Relief separated from inscription by badly chipped moulding. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.41, p.h. of relief 0.31, p.w. 0.36, th. 0.12, h. of letters 0.02 (lines 1-2), 0.012 (lines 3 ff.). The decree honours an otherwise unknown Apollonophanes of Kolophon for responsibilities related to the security of the harbour of Notion. It is generally accepted that he is being honoured in connection with events in Kolophon in 427, in which the Athenian general Paches intervened against the pro-Persian party besieging the harbour town of Notion and settled loyal Kolophonian refugees there (Thuc. 3.34). At the right stands Athena, a combination of the Parthenos and angelehnte types, with a shield on her left and a large coiled snake on her right. She rests her left elbow, now barely visible, on the rim of her shield and with her right hand crowns the smaller figure of Apollonophanes who stands on the left, facing Athena with his right hand raised. There might have been room for a third figure on the left. The only area of undamaged drapery reveals the straight, uniformly rounded folds over Athena's weight leg and the curved loop extending from the ankle of her free leg that are characteristic of the peplophoroi of the 420s to the end of the century (nos. 3, 7, 8); the relative thickness of the drapery argues for a date close to that of the Rheitos bridge decree relief (no. 3) and the frieze of the Nike Temple. (For other versions of the Parthenos, see nos. 16, 30, 106, 132, 164. For the leaning type, see nos. 7, 76, 98.) Rangabé I, 346-47 no. 262; Müller and Schöll, 53 no. 29, 75; K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1854) 1141 no. 2208; P. Pervanoglu, AZ 18 (1860) 25-26 no. 15; Pittakys, ArchEph (1862) 125 no. 117; Pervanoglu, AZ 25 (1867) 46 no. 4; Schune, 49 no. 96, pl. 22 (drwg.); IG 1 36 and 74; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 566; Sybel, 406 no. 6620; Studniczka, 13; Friederichs and Wolters, 382 no. 1157; Le Bas, pl. 38.1 (drwg.); IG I Suppl. III, p. 195, 1162; A. Wilhelm, ÖJhBeibl 1 (1898) 44; Walter, Beschreibung, 9; Wilhelm, ÖJh 21-22 (1922-24) 156-58; IG 12 59, Add. p. 302; Binneboeßel, 3 no. 2, 20, 25-26, 39, 40; Svoronos, 665 no. 431 (4), pl. 207.4; Süsserott, 16 n. 11, 197-99, 201 n. 20; Picard II., 837-38; Walter, ÖJh 32 (1940) 8 n. 28; J. Marcadé, RA 17 (1941) 219; B. D. Meritt, Hesperia 14 (1945) 118; Kirchner, 17 no. 36, pl. 16; SEG 10.70; Karouzou, 155-56, ill. 2 (drwg.); Guarducci, 593; Hiller, 62; Rauscher, 156; Mitropoulou, Contributions, 55 no. 7e, fig. 12; Corpus I, 172 no. 6, fig. 78; Walbank, 202-11 no. 39, pls. 19, 20; SEG 28.12; A. Gerolymatos, Espionage and Treason: a Study of the Proxenia in Political and Military Intelligence Gathering in Classical Greece (Amsterdam 1986) 58-61; Meyer, 265 A 2, pl. 1.2; SEG 36.8.66.
Fragment seen in Athens by early 19th-century traveller William Gell, subsequently taken to Netherlands by Dutch colonel B. E. A. Rottiers and acquired from him by Rijksmuseum in 1826. Preserves part of top, otherwise broken all around. Relief bordered above by taenia inscribed [---]ΟΚΛΣ Θ[---] and ovolo. Surface worn, corroded. p.h. 0.17, p.w. 0.10. Not examined. Standing on the left side of the fragment is a female figure, of whom only the head, arms, and torso are preserved. She turns in three-quarter view toward the right and, as the prominence of her left hip indicates, stands with her weight on her left leg. Her left arm, broken off at mid-forearm, is extended at shoulder level toward the right, and her right hand, broken off at the wrist, is extended downward toward the right. She wears a peplos with unbelted overfold and a heavy head-dress like a polos consisting of a round, cushion-like base with a high, flaring crown above it. On the relief ground just to the right of the head-dress are the letters ΜΕΣΣ[Ι̣---, which usually have been understood to identify the figure as a personification of Messenia (cf. no. 120, a personification of Salamis). Just below her right hand are traces of two letters, ΠΡ̣ The evidence for dating the fragment is inconclusive. Meritt and Wade-Gery forcefully argued that, owing to the presence of both the three- and four-barred sigma, a date much later than 446/45 is to be excluded; this is the generally accepted date for the disappearance of the three-barred sigma in Athenian public inscriptions. Proponents of this view have abandoned Wilamowitz's early restoration of the archon Philokles of 459/58 in favour of Kirchhoff's restoration of an unknown secretary, and have assumed that such a mid-century document must have concerned the Messenians sealed at Naupaktos rather than Messenia itself, which was under Spartan control. It has long been noted, however, that the style of the sculpture seems much later. In the prominence of her left hip, the degree of transparency of her drapery, and the treatment of the V-folds between her breasts, the figure appears to belong between the peplophoroi of the Parthenon frieze (Brommer, pls. 186, 187) and the Erechtheion korai (Ridgway, figs. 82, 83), therefore probably in the 4205 (cf. also no. 3). The style lends support to the suggestion of Mattingly, following Woodhead, and an earlier view put forward but ultimately rejected by Michaelis, that the document concerned not the Peloponnesian Messenia but the Sicilian Messana; the Attic form of the name is Messene. Woodhead had accepted the traditional mid-century date, but Mattingly, a vigorous opponent of the three-barred sigma rule, associated the relief with an alliance apparently made between Athens and Messana in 427/26 (Thuc. 3.90.4). Beginning ca. 430 coins of Messana depict a female charioteer, sometimes with the label Messana just before her head, riding in a mule-car (Head, Historia Numorum, 153-54; C. M. Kraay and M. Hirmer, Greek Coins [1966] pls. 17 fig. 55 0, 18 figs. 56, 57). The figure in the relief may be the same Messana, her extended hands holding the reins and urging her animals on (cf. no. 122). Any restoration of the formula identifying the official on the moulding above her indicates that there would have been sufficient room on the right side of the relief for the mules. CIG 873; L. Janssen, De grieksche, romeinsche en etrurische Monumenten van het Museum van Oudheden te Leyden (1848) 43 no. 1, 282; Grieksche en romeinsche Grafreliefs, uit het Museum van Oudheden te Leyden (1851) pl. 7, 18; A. Michaelis, AZ 3.3 (1876) 104 (drwg.)-6; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 565; Friederichs and Wolters, 382 no. 1156; P. Gardner, JHS 9 (1888) 59-60; IG I Suppl. p. 9, no. 22g; U. von Wilamowitz-Möllendorf, Aristoteles und Athen II (1893) 296; R. von Scala, Die Staatsverträge des Altertums 1 (1898) 38 no. 53; Matz, 47-49; A. B. West, CP 20 (1925) 234 n. 5; IG I2 37; Gardner, New Chapters in Greek Art (1926) 235-36; Binneboeßel, 6 no. 17, 28, 40-42; H. Speier, RM 47 (1932) 23, 24, 90, pl. 6; Svoronos, 599; Süsserott, 28 n. 5; B.D. Meritt, Hesperia 13 (1944) 224-29, fig. p. 228; A. E. Raubitschek, TAPA 75 (1944) 10 n. 3; SEG 10.9; Meritt and H.T. Wade-Gery, JHS 83 (1963) 115-17; SEG 19.10; Hamdorf, 92 no. 227 (a); SEG 21.25; H. B. Mattingly, CQ ns 16 (1966) 186-87; R. Meiggs, JHS 86 (1966) 96 no. 36; SEG 23.13; Mattingly, Atti del I Convegno del Centro Internazionale di Studi Numismatici, 1967 (1969) 214; SEG 25.17; Mitropoulou, Contributions, 56-57 no. 8c; Corpus I, 175 no. 17 bis, fig. 163; Mattingly, Epigraphica 36 (1974) 50-51; Meyer, 269 A 13, pl. 7.1; SEG 36.137.67.
Found in 1898 near Gate of Athena Archegetis in Roman Agora. Part of right edge of relief and inscription preserved, back smooth. Relief bordered on right by anta, below by moulding now chipped away. Surface battered, corroded. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.52, p.h. of relief 0.225, p.w. 0.475, p. th. 0.14, relief h. 0.01, h. of letters 0.02 5 (line 1), 0.01 (lines 2 ff.). The fragmentary decree concerns a sacrifice to Apollo in Athens. All that remains of the relief are the legs of two figures standing on either side of the Delphic omphalos set on a low base between its two golden eagles. Although only the lower part of the relief is preserved, Wolters demonstrated that it so closely resembles the corresponding section of a completely preserved Attic-style relief in Sparta that it can be restored with reasonable assurance by reference to it, assuming that the relief in Sparta is a copy of the Athenian relief or that both were modelled on the same source (Sparta Museum inv. 468: P. Wolters, AM 12 (1887) pl. 12; Hausmann, fig. 35). In the relief from Sparta the figure on the left is Apollo, turned toward the right, his weight on his right leg, his left leg advanced. In his left hand he holds his lyre, in his extended right hand a phiale. The slightly extended left leg and the bottom of his drapery are all that are preserved in the document relief. The figure opposite him in the Sparta relief is Artemis, turned in three-quarter view toward the left as she pours wine for Apollo's libation with her right hand. She wears a chiton and himation draped loosely across her abdomen. In the document relief, the crinkly folds of her chiton are visible at the bottom of the relief, and the lines of the himation, where they can be distinguished at all, appear to correspond to those in the other relief. Svoronos and Binneboeßel restored a third figure, Leto, on the far left of the document relief because the restoration of the inscription indicates that approximately one-third of the relief is missing. Athena, who appears in almost all fifth-century document reliefs, is another possibility. There is very little fresh surface remaining in the relief from which to judge the style, but the deeply cut, complex folds of the chiton of Artemis resemble the drapery of some figures of the Nike Temple frieze (Blümel, pl. I, figs. 1, 3) and the Nike Temple Parapet (Carpenter, pl. i). Sokolowski dated the decree ca. 430 on the grounds that mention of the oracle at Delphi called for a date before the Peloponnesian War and Spartan influence in Delphi; a date during the Peace of Nikias, as Hiller and others have proposed, is more likely. The proposer Philoxenos is usually identified as the son of Eruxis who was ridiculed in Attic comedy in the late 420S (Ar. Wasps 84). C. Daremberg and E. Saglio, Dictionnaire des antiquités grecques et romaines (Paris 1875), 199 n. 16, s.v. omphalos (G. Karo); P. Wolters, AM 12 (1887) 378-83; A. Wilhelm, ÖJhBeibl I (1898) 43; AnzWien (1899) 3; Hiller, SBBerl (1919) 669-72; l. N. Svoronos, JIAN I3 (1911) 301-16, fig. 1; IG I2 78; W. Bannier, RhM 77 (1928) 284-85; Binneboeßel, 4 no. 7, 20, 31-32; Svoronos, 666 no. 436 (1), pl. 211.1; Picard 11.2, 838; W. Peek, AM 66 (1941) 214 n. 1; SEG 10.63; H. Bloch, AJP 74 (1953) 417; J. H. Oliver, AJP 75 (1954) 166-69; SEG 12.25; SEG 13.6; Wycherley, Agora III, 172 no. 568; SEG 16.6; Sokolowski, Lois sacrées des cités grecques, Suppl. 1 (1962) 25-26 no. 8; SEG 21.38; H. B. Mattingly, PACA 9 (1966) 63-64; A. Boegehold, Classical Studies Presented to Ben Edwin Perry (1969) 179, pl. 2; SEG 25.25; Mitropoulou, Corpus I, 172 no. 3, fig. 75; Zagdoun, FdD IV.6, 55 n. 9; LIMC II, 704 no. 1075, s.v. Artemis (L. Kahil); Meyer, 268 A 10, pl. 6.2.72.
Found on Akropolis in 1835. Both edges preserved, back rough-picked. Original thickness preserved on right side only. Relief slightly wider than inscription and separated from it by plain taenia and ovolo. Surface slightly weathered, battered at extreme left. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.395, p.h. of relief 0.16, w. 0.415 (top), 0.38 (bottom), th. 0.102 (top), 0.085 (bottom), relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.017 (lines 1-3), 0.01 (lines 4 ff.). The decree is a grant of proxeny to an otherwise unknown Sotimos of Herakleia and his descendants. The generally accepted date for the decree of 424 /23 depends upon the restoration of the name Neokleides as secretary (lines 5-6) and the association of this man with the Neokleides who appears as secretary in other decrees of this year (IG J3 36 and 75). On that basis, West argued that the Herakleia in question was the wealthy Pontic city that only months before had become a tributary member of the empire and that Sotimos might have been honoured for assisting a ship-wrecked tribute-collecting squadron under Lamachos in the territory of Herakleia in the summer of 424 (Thuc. 4.75.1-2; Diod. 12.72.4). The style of the relief, however, suggests a later date; the loops and viscous curves of Athena's drapery are characteristic of the drapery of dated reliefs of ca. 410 (nos. 7, 8) and of the Erechtheion frieze (P.N. Boulter, AntP 10 (1970), pl. 1). The relief depicts Sotimos and his city's eponymous hero Herakles standing before a larger figure of Athena seated on a rock at the left. Her shield is propped up behind her, and she holds her helmet in her right hand. A similar seated Athena also appears on the Methone decrees (no. 2), on a number of other late fifth- and early fourth-century document reliefs (nos. 11, 71, 87, 90, 91) and on the Nike Temple Parapet (Carpenter, pls. XIX, XXIV). Immediately to the right of Athena stands the much smaller Sotimos, of whom only the lower part of the legs and himation are preserved. Further right are the nude lower legs of the slightly larger Herakles. The broad end of his club rests on the ground at his left and part of his lion skin can be seen between the club and his left leg (cf. no. 82). For other possible examples of Herakies as eponymous hero, see nos. 111, 129, 133, 158. L. Ross, Kunstblatt (1835) no. 27 = Archäologische Aufsätze I (1855) 85; K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1840) 348 no. 426, fig. 426 (drwg.); Rangabé I, 345 no. 260, pl. 7 (drwg.) and 345 no. 261; Müller and Schöll, 53 no. 30, 74-76; Schöne, 26-27 no. 52, pl. 9 (drwg.); A. Dumont, Monuments Grecs 1 (1873) 34-35; IG I 65; Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 563-64, 566; P. Gardner, JHS 9 (1888) 50; Le Bas, pl. 36.2 (drwg.); J. Six, JdI 30 (1915) 88, fig. 9; Walter, Beschreibung, 12, 16, 20; IG I2 145; Binneboeßel, 5 no. 13, 20, 36-37, 46, 48, 52, 73; AB. West, AJP 56 (1935) 72-76; Svoronos, 664 no. 431 (2), pl. 207.2; Süsserott, 102 n. 54, 216; Picard II.2, 838; SEG 10.82; Lambrechts, pl. 3; Guarducci, 593-95; Schmaltz, 23 n. 28; Mitropoulou, Corpus I, 172 no. 8, fig. 82; Walbank, 253-57 no. 46, pl. 26; SEG 28.12; Meyer, 274 A 31, pl. 12.2.73.
Found in 1961 excavations of sanctuary of Artemis, Brauron. Top, both edges of relief, and part of left edge of inscription preserved, back rough-picked. Modern rectangular cutting in middle of top and right side of bottom for attachment to wall. Relief bordered above by moulding consisting of plain taenia and ovolo, below by similar, wider moulding with taenia bearing first line of inscription. Inscribed on relief ground above head of figures on left: ΘΙΛΟΜΙΦΙΛΟΜΕΛΟΣ. Surface very worn, stained red and black, with accretions. White, medium-grained marble. Dimensions unpublished. The unpublished fragmentary inscription below the relief is a catalogue of dedications to Artemis, one of a number found in the sanctuary of Artemis at Brauron. On the far right stands Artemis, who turns slightly toward the left, with her weight on her right leg and her right hip pushed outward in a stance resembling that of the angelehnte Athena (cf. nos. 7, 65, 76, 98). Her right hand is lowered and extended; she may originally have held a painted oinochoe. She wears a chiton and himation draped around her abdomen. Her head slightly overlaps the moulding above the relief. Approaching her from the left are five smaller, bearded worshippers, lined up facing her in profile view. They are probably officials of the sanctuary, and they are likely to have been named in the inscription below. The letters of uneven size and intervals inscribed above the heads of the five appear to be an awkward attempt to identify one of them as Philomelos (cf. no. 83). The men wear himatia and proceed with left feet forward. The first, third, and fifth figures raise their hands in adoration; the second and fourth figures appear to hold objects in their lowered hands. The style of the relief, with its broad expanses of very transparent drapery and evenly spaced, tubular folds, resembles that of Master B of the Nike Temple Parapet (Carpenter, pl. VII) and of document reliefs of ca. 410 (nos. 7, 8). Ergon (1961) 26 fig. 25, 29-30; G.Daux, BCH 86 (1962) 675 fig. 8, 677; J. Frel, Eirene (1966) 88 D2; T. Linders, Studies in the Treasure Records of Artemis Brauronia Found in Athens (1972) 35 n. 14; Frel, Les scripteurs anonymes, 21 no. 79; GettyMusJ 2 (1975) 15-16 no. 11; Mitropoulou, Corpus I, 173 no. 12, fig. 126; Neumann, Weihreliefs, 61-62; LIMC II, 701 no. 1036a, pl. 526, s.v. Artemis (L. Kahil); Meyer, 270 A 17, pl. 7.2; D. Peppas-Delmousou, in D. Knoepfler and N. Quellet (eds.), Comptes et inventaires dans Ia cité grecque: Actes du colloque international d'épigraphie, en l'honneur de J. Tréheux (1988) 329-46, fig. 2; SEG 37.31.74.
Provenance unknown. Right edge of relief and moulding, part of top preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on right by 0.035 wide anta supporting 0.03 wide entablature, below by taenia inscribed [---]ΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕ[ΥΕ] and cyma reversa, together 0.07 wide. Two modern dowel holes in bottom surface for attaching base. Surface well preserved, with red iron stains and some accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.48, p.w. 0.32, th. 0.12, relief h. 0.015, letter h. 0.02. On the right side of the relief stand four bearded men, probably officials being honoured by Athena, who would have stood in the missing left side of the relief; the amount of space above the heads of the figures indicates the presence of a larger figure next to them. All four men wear himatia. The first is somewhat more frontal and taller than the others. His right arm is broken off; his left arm hangs at his side. The figure directly behind him turns in three-quarter view toward the left; his left hand grasps the bunch of folds at his waist. The third, more frontal figure is further right and slightly in front of the second; the end of his himation is draped over his left arm and his right arm hangs at his side. The fourth man stands still further right, slightly behind the third and in front of the anta. He is turned in near-profile view toward the left; his right hand is raised to shoulder height and enveloped in his himation, which is wrapped around his entire body and thrown back over his left shoulder. Early scholars, probably noting the similarities between the figures in this relief and some of the male figures in the Panathenaic procession of the Parthenon frieze, called this the ‘oldest document relief’, and some even suggested a Periklean date, but the resemblance is superficial. The treatment of the folds and the degree of transparency in the drapery more closely resemble the style of the relief of the accounts of the treasurers of Athena of 410/9 (no. 8). Schöne, 33 no. 59, pl. 11 (drwg.); IG I 75; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 566; Sybel, 64 no. 334; EA (1902) no. 1218.1 (Löwy); Kastriotis, 249-50 no. 1419; V. Staïs, Marbres et bronzes du Musée National (1910) 244 no. 1419; O. Walter, ÖJhBeibl 18 (1915) 92; A. Rumpf, RM 38/39 (1923/24) 464; IG I2 161; Kjellberg, 32, 88; Rumpf, Gnomon 5 (1929) 16; Binneboeßel, 6 no. 18, 36, 42-43; Svoronos, 362-63 no. 117, pl. 37.2; SEG 10.121; Dohrn, 33, 35, 38, 39; S. Karouzou, National Archaeological Museum, Collection of Sculpture (1968) 57, pl. 29b; Mitropoulou, Corpus I, 174 no. 16, fig. 161; Meyer, 274 A 28, pl. 9.1.75.
Provenance unknown. Preserves part of top, otherwise broken all around. Relief bordered above by wide taenia. Crystalline greyish marble (Vermeule). p.h. 0.34, p.w. 0.21, max. th. 0.09. Not examined. None of the text is preserved. The relief depicts Athena and another figure of the same scale, of whom only the right arm and hand are preserved. Athena is almost frontal, but with her head turned sharply toward the right. She wears a peplos with belted overfold, perhaps a shoulder mantle, and an Attic helmet whose crest slightly overlaps the border above. Her right arm is held a little away from her body, perhaps holding the edge of her mantle; the relief is broken at this point. Her left hand is extended somewhat toward the other figure, but she does not clasp his or her right hand. The drapery of Athena is closely comparable to that of the Athenas of the decree concerning Athens and Neapolis (no. 7) and the accounts of the treasurers of Athena of 410/9 (no. 8). Frel attributed the relief to ‘the Myttion sculptor’, whom he identified as the sculptor of the Telemachos Monument, but the drapery style of the document relief appears finer, more transparent. C. Vermeule and D. von Bothmer, AJA 60 (1956) 331, pl. 104.3; J. Frel, Les sculpteurs anonymes, 25 no. 105; GettyMusJ 2 (1975) 15 no. 4; Meyer, 271 A 19.94.
Found in 1885 excavations of area of Athenian Agora that burned in 1884. Preserves part of right edge, otherwise broken all around. Original thickness perhaps preserved at bottom. Possible remains of 0.03 wide anta at right side of relief. Fragment worn, with vertical cracks, flakes. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.35, p.w. 0.175, p.th. 0.10, h. of relief 0.025, relief h. very low, h. of letters 0.008-0.0095. The decree honours an otherwise unknown proxenos, son of [Hy]psikles or [Ter]psikles, praising the man and his father for their services to Athens. All that remains of the relief is a small fragment of the lower right corner, with perhaps the feet and drapery of a figure. The editors of the inscription date the decree to the early fourth century on the basis of its letter forms and the form of its prescript. Too little of the relief survives for comment on its style or date. S. A. Koumanoudes, ArchEph 1886, 114-15; A. Wilhelm, Hermes 24 (1889) 120-21 no. 7; IG II.5 73f; Pečíirka, Enktesis, 33-35; M. B. Walbank, Hesperia 54 (1985) 312 n. 7.95.
Found in Akropolis wall some years before 1883. Both sides preserved, broken top and .bottom. Back rough-picked. Possible remains of anta at right edge. Surface very worn, corroded, discoloured. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.56, p.h. of relief 0.155, w. 0.515 (top), 0.525 (bottom), th. 0.095, h. of letters 0.012. The inscription records two decrees, the second (lines 9-18) conferring proxeny upon the Abderite Komaios and his descendants, the first (lines 1-8) ordering the publication of the second. It is usually dated to the first quarter of the fourth century by the form of its prescript, but it could as well date to the years soon after 375, when Abdera was rescued by Athenian forces after an invasion of the Triballoi and subsequently became a member of the Second Athenian League. (For another relief possibly concerning Abdera, see no. 179.) The relief is so worn that only the outline of the figures is visible. On the right is Athena, preserved only from the knees down, recognizable by the upright shield leaning toward her on the right. She turns toward the left, probably to crown the smaller honorand Komaios, preserved only from the calves down, who turns toward her. U. Köhler, AM 8 (1883) 223-26; IG II.5 85b; Th. Sauciuc, AM 37 (1912) 190-97, fig. 1; D. M. Lewis, BSA 49 (1954) 33; Meyer, 279 A 48.96.
Found in 1876 excavations on South Slope. Both sides, top preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered by tapering 0.035-0.04 wide antae supporting 0.065 wide entablature with antefixes, below by 0.04 wide moulding consisting of taenia and ovolo. Surface uniformly weathered. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 1.01, h. of relief 0.40, w. of relief 0.445 (top), 0.46 (bottom), w. of inscription 0.435 (top), 0.445 (bottom), th. of relief 0.12 (top), 0.14 (bottom), th. of inscription 0.12, relief h. 0.01, h. of letters 0.007. The inscription sets forth provisions of an alliance ‘for all time’ between Athens and Korkyra. The document is usually considered a version of the conditions pertaining to Korkyra resulting from the alliance concluded between Athens and Korkyra, Akarnania, and Kephallenia in the second prytany of the archonship of Hippodamas, 375/74 (Ic II2 96), but the inscription is rare and troublesome in its complete lack of dating formula. The relief, which depicts Athena, Zeus, and Hera, appears to have had more than the usual number of details added in paint alone, and their disappearance may have contributed to the confusion over the identities of the figures of Zeus and Hera, often called Demos and Korkyra. Athena stands on the right, with her left hand raised and holding her spear, which was painted. Her right hand hangs down and slightly away from her side, the fingers separated as though holding her shield, which must also have been added in paint. She wears her himation draped diagonally from under her right arm over her left shoulder, covering most of her body. The crest of her Corinthian helmet would also have been painted, overlapping the architrave above her. On the left side of the relief Zeus and Hera turn toward each other. Zeus sits with his right hand hanging down at his side, his left hand resting on his thigh. His seat, which is now merely a projection of the smooth surface of the anta behind him, must originally have been distinguished from it with paint. He may also have held a painted attribute such as a thunderbolt (no. 24), or there may have been a painted eagle in the large empty space by his seat (cf. no. Hera stands very close to Zeus in a somewhat awkward position probably intended to show torsion in the upper body; her legs are turned slightly toward the right, her torso is frontal, and her shoulders and head are turned toward the left. She wears a peplos and a mantle draped over her head and extended in her right hand in the bridal gesture of unveiling. Hera's identity is established by her dress, position, and gesture, which are traditional for Hera and which indicate an intimate relationship to Zeus (cf. nos. 5, 24, perhaps 41), and by her scale relative to Athena, characteristics which at the same time argue against the usual identification of the figure as Korkyra. Although place personifications are occasionally found in document reliefs (nos. 66, 120), patron deities representing their cities are much more common. The cult of Hera Akraia was the most important of Korkyra (Thuc. 1.24; 3.75, 79-81; Diod. 22.48), while the only evidence for representations of Korkyra are Pausanias' reference (Paus. 5.22.6) to her as part of a group of Zeus and Asopos with his daughters at Olympia and a rf. pyxis depicting her in the pursuit of her sister Aigina by Zeus (LIMC VI, 103 no. 7, s.v. Korkyra). The presence of Zeus on Korkyra is attested by a fourth-century votive relief dedicated to Zeus Meilichios (A. Spetsieri-Choremi, All Corfu (1988) fig. p. 16), but his role in the document relief is probably primarily as consort to Hera. The relief is a good example of a sculptor's use of models taken from different periods. The figures of Zeus and Hera are based upon late fifth-century types (cf. no. 5). This is particularly clear in the sharp distinction of Hera's transparently draped right leg from her heavily covered left leg and in the billowing of her veil. The figure of Athena, on the other hand, has the more voluminous drapery of the figure of the alliance with Chios (no. 19) of 384/83, as well as the sturdier stance and reflective quality of the Athena Rospigliosi (Binneboeßel, 54; G. B. Waywell, BSA 66 (1971) 373-80, pls. 67, 71b); the broad, sweeping lines of her himation resemble the drapery of the latter work. Walbank attributes this inscription to the mason of no. 14, but the reliefs are not the work of the same sculptor. S. A. Koumanoudcs, Athenaion (1876/77) 334-35 no. 2; F. von Duhn, AZ 35 (1877) 170-71 no. 101, pl. 15.2 (drwg.); IG II, Add. 49b, p. 398; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 559, 560, pl. 12; Sybel, 289 no. 3999; Friederichs and Wolters, 384-85 no. 1161; P. Gardner, JHS 9 (1888) 60; P. Foucart, BCH 13 (1889) 354-63; IG II.5 49b; Farnell I, 351, pl. 18a; BrBr, pl. 533 rt.; Kastriotis, 261 no. 1467; Matz, 57-58; SIG3 151; Diepolder, 36-37, fig. 9; Binneboeßel, 9 no. 34, 20, 24, 32, 48, 51-55, 63; H. Speier, RM 47 (1932) 56-57, 91, pl. 20.2; K. Schefold, Untersuchungen zu den Kertscher Vasen (1934) 72-77; Svoronos, 588-91 no. 240, pl. 103; Curtius, Antike Kunst, 304, 335, 395, 413, 414, 428, fig. 483; V. Müller, ArtB 20 (1938) 362-65, 366, 367, 377, 381, fig. 6; Süsserott, 47-54, 75, 78, 111-13, 141, 142 n. 56, 143, 202 n. 22, pl. 3.2; Tod II, 86-88 no. 127; Lippold, 230 n. 1, pl. 88.2; Alscher III, 31, 37, 39, 40, 43, fig. 75; Dohrn, 79; Bengtson, 218-20 no. 263; Hamdorf, 91 no. 215 (b), 94 no. 254 (e); Schefold, Classical Greece, 186-87, 188, 194, 220, 249 no. 50, app. pl. 50; Guarducci, 543-46, 607-8, fig. 170; Schmaltz, 21, 36, 37 n. 49, 39 n. 51; Hiller, 27, 52, 57, 63, 66; Brown, 25-26, 28, 73 n. 53, fig. 79; Kron, Phylenheroen, 262 K31; H. Jung, JdI 91 (1976) 113-23, fig. 4 (det.); Richter, A Handbook of Greek Art7 (1977) 154, fig. 221; Fuchs, 527-28, 533-34, fig. 619; Palagia, Euphranor, 63; J. Cargill, The Second Athenian League: Empire or Free Alliance? (1981) 68-74; G. L. Cawkwell, JHS 101 (1981) 46; SEG 31.61, 65; LIMC II, 1013 no. 609, pl. 763, s.v. Athena (P. Demargne); M. W. Walbank, Classical Views 26 (1982) 262; LIMC III, 379 no. 53, s.v. Demos (O. Alexandri-Tzachou); LIMC IV, 688 no. 256, s.v. Hera (A. Kossatz-Diessmann); Meyer, 280 A 51, pl. 16.2; LIMC VI, 103 no. 8, s.v. Korkyra (G. Dontas); 1089 no. 39, s.v. Kekrops (I. Kasper-Butz, I. Krauskopf).97.
Four joining fragments, all from Akropolis. Part of left edge preserved. Relief bordered on left by 0.05 wide anta supporting entablature with pediment, below by 0.10 wide moulding consisting of two taeniae and ovolo inscribed with heading. Surface worn. White, medium-grained marble. AM 3367 + 2542: p.h. 0.66, p.w. 0.49 (relief), th. 0.145, relief h. 0.025; EM 8024: p.h. 0.38, p.h. of relief 0.155, p.w. 0.49 (relief), 0.42 (inscription), th. 0.14 (relief), 0.11 (inscription), relief h. 0.03, h. of letters 0.017 (line 1), 0.009 (lines 2 ff.). The inscription is a dedication of the prytaneis of Kekropis after they had been voted the best prytaneis of the year. It was probably dedicated in the heroon of Kekrops on the Akropolis. On the left stands Athena, her right hand resting on the rim of her shield. Her missing left hand was probably raised and held a painted spear. She wears a Corinthian helmet and a himation thrown over her left shoulder. Next to her on the right is Nike, preserved only from the waist down; the bottom of her wing is visible against the relief ground behind her. She turns in three-quarter view toward the right, probably crowning the small male figure next to her, who represents the prytaneis. His nude legs suggest that he wore a short chiton, dress inappropriate for the prytaneis but suitable for victors in military contests (cf. no. 150). Behind him on the right is their prize, a large hydria, and above and behind it two horizontal lines, perhaps the top of an altar. The restored width of the inscription indicates that there was enough room on the right for another figure, perhaps Kekrops (cf. no. 138). The style of Athena's drapery, in particular the broad and simplified yet still clinging expanse of her himation, resembles that of the figure on the Athenian alliance with Chios of 384/83 (no. 19), of Athena on the relief of the alliance with Korkyra of ca. 375 (no. 96), and of an unidentified female figure in a relief from a document that concerned Aphytis (no. 104). Meritt and Traill suggested a date in the second quarter of the century because one of the prytaneis listed participated in the dedication of a statue of Aphrodite shortly before 360 (IG II2 2820, line 5). K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1840) 928 no. 931; ArchEph (1842) 549 no. 931, fig. 931 (drwg.); Rangabé II, 793 no. 1246, 799 no. 1254; IG II 866; Sybel, 446 no. 7198; O. Walter, ÖJhBeibl 14 (1911) 59-60; Walter, Beschreibung, 38-39 no. 55, fig. 55; Svoronos, 667 no. 442, pl. 217.2; Raubitschek, Dedications from the Athenian Acropolis (1949) 191; B. D. Meritt and J. S. Traill, Agora XV: Inscriptions: The Athenian Councillors (1974) 29-30 no. 7; Kron, Phylenheroen, 101-2, 262 K33; LIMC VI, 1089 no. 40, s.v. Kekrops (I. Kasper-Butz, I. Krauskopf).98.
Found on South Slope in excavations of 1876-77. Left edge, part of top preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on left by anta, above by plain pediment with side akrotenon. Taenia inscribed ΔΙΙΠΟΣΜΥ[---] and ovolo separate relief from inscription. Surface worn, corroded. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.32, p.h. of relief 0.17, th. 0.08, relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.12. Only a few letters of a name in the first line of the inscription and the left side of the relief are preserved. Athena turns toward the right, leaning with her right elbow on her shield, which stands on a step. Her raised left hand holds her spear out in front of her. Her right hand holds the end of her mantle, which is draped over her left shoulder and brought around under her right arm, cushioning it from the rim of the shield. The direction of Athena's attention and the restoration of the heading require at least one other figure in the missing right side of the relief. The leaning Athena was a popular late fifth- and early fourth-century type (nos. 7, 65), and the drapery of this figure retains some of the doughy transparency characteristic of early fourth-century drapery (cf. no. 14), but the figure's tall, slim proportions and her more languorous, almost unstable pose (cf. no. 24) make a somewhat later date in the second quarter of the century more likely. F. von Duhn, AZ 35 (1877) 158 no. 53; Sybel, 314 no. 4353; Studniczka, 12, fig. B (drwg.), 13-15; Binneboeßel, 11-12 no. 45, 25, 39, 43, 47; Svoronos, 670 no. 452 (2), pl. 224.2; Süsserott, 199-202; Marcadé, RA 17 (1941) 219; Karouzou, 153-59, fig. 9; D. Peppas-Delmousou, AJA 69 (1965) 151-52; SEG 22.159; Meyer, 277 A 40, pl. 14.1.99.
Found in April 1938 among marbles collected near south end of Stoa of Attalos (P 12). Part of left edge of relief and inscription preserved, back rough-picked. Surface worn, flaked, with dark stains. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.267, p.h. of relief 0.06, p.w. 0.168, th. 0.073, relief h. 0.01, h. of letters 0.007-0.01. The fragmentary inscription concerns an agreement between Athens and Siphnos regarding punishment in cases involving Athenians at Siphnos. At the left are the lower legs of a female figure, perhaps Athena, seated on a rock facing right. She sits with her right leg slightly extended, her left leg drawn back. Coming from beneath her himation are traces of her peplos. Woodhead thought that the agreement might be related to similar symbolai with Keos and Naxos in the years before or after the Social War. A date even earlier in the second quarter of the century is also possible for a document concerning a member of the Second Athenian League (IG II2 43, l. 126). The rounded, doughy folds of the drapery call for a date no more specific than the first half of the fourth century (cf. nos. 14, 16, 18). A. G. Woodhead, Hesperia 26 (1957) 231-33 no. 87, pl. 59; SEG 17.19; G. E. M. de Ste. Croix, CQ ns 11 (1961) 109; SEG 19.48; Bengtson, 258-59 no. 294; SEG 21.245; Henry, Prescripts, 33; J. Cargill, The Second Athenian League: Empire or Free Alliance? (1981) 137; Meyer, 284 A 66.132.
Found in 1840 excavations at south wing of Propylaia. Top, both edges of relief, part of right edge of inscription preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered by tapering 0.05-0.055 wide antac supporting 0.06 high entablature, below by taenia and ovolo, together 0.065 wide. Surface very worn, flaked, cracked, with brown iron stains. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.60, w. 0.54, th. 0.23, relief h. 0.05, h. of letters 0.0.5. The very fragmentary inscription is an honorary decree, apparently for a man from Kroton. On the right stands an Athena of the Parthenos type, turned slightly toward the left (cf. nos. 16, 30, 65, 106, 164). In her extended right hand she holds a small, frontal Nike, with wings extended and right hand raised. Athena's left hand rests on the rim of her shield. On the ground beneath her extended arm is a large, coiled snake. Opposite her on the left is a bearded figure of the same scale who leans on a staff held crutch-like under his arm. His right hand rests on his hip. His large scale indicates that he is not the mortal honorand, but either Demos, whose type he resembles and who is also shown leaning on a staff in other document reliefs (cf. nos. 117, 150), or more probably Asklepios, an appropriate representative for Kroton, a city famous for its doctors (Hdt. 3.13 I; cf. Svoronos, pls. 35 (NM 1345), 38 (NM 1334), votive reliefs with similar figures of Asklepios); the snake is an attribute of Asklepios as well as of Athena. The contrast between Athena's hidden weight leg and her nearly profile free leg is common in the mid-fourth century (cf. nos. 28, 29), but her high waistline is more characteristic of figures of the third quarter of the century (cf. nos. 36, 40, 46). K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1840) 318-19 no. 382, fig. 382 (drwg.); Rangabé I, 318 no. 6; Müller and Schöll, 60-61 no. 36, 75, Atlas, pl. III.5; P. Pervanoglu, AZ 18 (1860) 24-25 no. 7; O. Jahn, Aus der Altertumswissenschaft (1868) 214-15, pl. 1.4 (drwg.); Schöne, 34 no. 62, pl. 12 (drwg.); IG II 199; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 568 n. 3; Le Bas, pl. 39 (drwg.); Sybel, 433 no. 7012; Friederichs and Wolters, 388 no. 1172; Farnell I, 351; E. Reisch, ÖJh I (1898) 88; Binneboeßel, 14 no. 63, 20, 49, 58-59, 69, 70, 73; Svoronos, 661-62 no. 421, pl. 197.1; O. Walter, ÖJh 30 (1937) 5 n. 16; Süsserott, 85-86, 199 n. 11, pl. 5.4; T. B. L. Webster, JHS 71 (1951) 227 n. 37; Hamdorf, 94 no. 254 (l); B. Holtzmann, BCH 96 (1972) 74 n. I; Palagia, Euphranor, 22 n. 113, 62; LIMC III, 379 no. 45, pl. 274, s.v. Demos (O. Alexandri-Tzachou); Meyer, 296-97 A 109, pl. 32.1; LIMC VI, 871 no. 235, s.v. Nike (A. Goulaki-Voutira).133.
Found in 1840 in Athens, in or near ruins of Church of Hagios Dimitrios Loumbardiaris, on saddle between Pnyx and Philopappos Monument. Preserves part of top, right edge, otherwise broken all around, back perhaps cut for reuse, bottom now encased in plaster. Relief bordered on right by 0.04 wide anta supporting 0.075 high entablature with antefixes. Architrave inscribed: [Δ]ΗΜΟΣ ΑΘΗΝΑ ΗΡΑΚΛΗΣ. Geison inscribed:[ΘΕΟ]Ι̣ (iota ? 0.115 from right edge). Surface worn, corroded, with accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.395, p.w. 0.33, p.th. 0.125 (cut to 0.09), relief h. 0.025, h. of letters 0.01. Nothing remains of the body on the inscription, but the apparent traces of the invocation theoi on the frame of the relief suggest that it belonged to a public document, probably an honorary decree. All three figures preserved in the relief, Athena, Herakles, and Demos, are identified by labels on the entablature above them. On the right, Herakles, probably the hero of the honorand's home (cf. nos. 72, 111, 129, i58), turns slightly toward the left and with his right hand places a crown on Athena's head. Although deities and heroes usually crown mortals in document reliefs, the figure of Athena crowning Ares in a roughly contemporary deme decree of Acharnai (no. 143) provides at least one other parallel for the crowning of a deity, and on the Athenian anti-tyranny law of 337/36 the personification of Demos is crowned by Demokratia (no. 38). Herakles' left hand rests on his club held at his hip; his lion skin is draped over his forearm. Athena is also turned toward the left. Her raised right hand held her painted spear. She wears a peplos, aegis with gorgoneion, and a helmet. Her left hand rests on the rim of her shield. Still further left is the seated figure of Demos, facing left as well; only his upper torso is preserved (cf. nos. 38, 167). He is turned forward in his chair so that his upper body is seen in three-quarter view; his left arm rests on the back of the chair. The direction of all three figures' attention indicates that there must have been at least one more figure, probably an honorand, further to the left. The tall, slim proportions of the figures and Athena's high waistline in particular call for a date in the third quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 36, 40, 46). K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1839) 268 no. 298, fig. 298 (drwg.); Müller and Schöll, 63 no. 44, 84; E. Curtius and T. Panofka, AZ 3 (1845) 129-30, pl. 33.1 (drwg.); L. Stephani, AZ 3 (1845) 76; F. von Duhn, AZ 35 (1877) 170 n. 5; P. Foucart, BCH 2 (1878) 40; Sybel, 63-64 no. 333; Heydemann, 174-75 no. 453; Friederichs and Wolters, 397 no. 1195; Le Bas, pl. 37 (drwg.); RE 5 (1903) 158 s.v. Demos (von Schoeffer); Kastriotis, 383 no. 2407; Svoronos, 640 no. 371, pl. 148.4; Süsserott, 96 n. 16, 113-14, pl. 18.3; Hamdorf, 94 no. 254(q); Kron, Phylenheroen, 238 n. 1158; AM 94 (1979) 49-75, pl. 7; Palagia, Euphranor, 63; SEG 29.188; LIMC I, 434-35 no. 2, s.v. Academos (U. Kron); III, 379 no. 46, pl. 274, s.v. Demos (O. Alexandri-Tzachou); R. Vollkommer, Herakles in the Art of Classical Greece (1988) 53 no. 392; Meyer, 292 A 94, pl. 28.2.141.
From Akropolis. Part of top, right edge preserved, otherwise broken all around and back. Bottom now partly encased in plaster and attached to modern base with dowel in bottom, 0.035 from right edge. Relief bordered on right by 0.05 wide anta supporting 0.12 high entablature. Surface weathered, with accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.32, p.w. 0.36, p.th. 0.10, relief h. 0.035. The subject of the relief indicates that it came from an honorary decree. On the right stands Athena; only her head, torso, and arms are preserved. She turns slightly toward the left and with her right hand crowns a smaller figure who is not preserved. Her left hand, broken off at the wrist, probably rested on the rim of her shield. She wears a peplos and an aegis without gorgoneion draped diagonally over her right shoulder and under her left arm (for this type see no. 140). The high placement of her belt and the weight and thickness of the drapery place the relief in the third quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos 36, 38, 40). Schöne, 42 no. 77, pl. 16 (drwg.); Sybel, 429 no. 6963; Friederichs and Wolters, 387 no. 1169; Le Bas, pl. 48.1 (drwg.); E. Reisch, ÖJh (1898) 76; Walter, Beschreibung, 13; Svoronos, 658 no. 416, pl. 192.4; Mitropoulou, Contributions, 56 no. 8a, fig. 13; Meyer, 299 A 121, pl. 48.2.142.
First recorded in 1860 in collection of Greek Archaeological Society. Part of left edge, top preserved, bottom now set in plaster, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on left by 0.03-0.035 wide anta supporting entablature with pediment. Inscribed on architrave over figure on left: ΒΟΛΕ. Surface fairly fresh but chipped, corroded in places, with some accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.37, p.w. 0.265, th. 0.13, relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.008. The subject of the relief suggests that its lost inscription was an honorary decree. On the far left the figure identified by inscribed label as Boule turns slightly toward the right. Her left hand is raised to shoulder height and holds the edge of the himation she wears like a veil over her head. The same arrangement of drapery, continuing over the right upper arm and held with a triangular overfold at the waist, also occurs on another figure in a document relief (no. 49), who is accompanied by Demos and is therefore almost certainly also Boule. Next to her on the right is Athena, also turned slightly toward the right. Her raised left hand holds her spear; her right hand is propped on her hip. She wears a peplos, aegis with gorgoneion, a shoulder mantle, and Corinthian helmet. Both figures direct their attention toward the small male figure in a himation, probably the honorand of the missing inscription, turned toward them on the right. He raises his right hand in adoration. To judge from the remains of the pediment above the relief, there would have been room for at least one more figure, almost certainly Demos, on the far right; Boule is very unlikely to have been depicted without him. Although the spelling Bole for Boule generally dies out after the middle of the fourth century, the thick, coarse folds of the drapery with interior creases and the tall, high-waisted figures argue for a date in the third quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 38, 40, 46, 49). P. Pervanoglu, AZ 16 (1860) 110-11; Schöne, 48-49 no. 94, pl. 22 (drwg.); C. Daremberg and E. Saglio, Dictionnaire des antiquités grecques et romaines (Paris 1875) I, 743-44 s.v. Boule, fig. 872 (drwg.); A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 561; Sybel, 64 no. 337; Farnell I, 351-52; E. Reisch, ÖJh (1898) 91; EA 5 (1902) 4-5 no. 1216 (Löwy); Kastriotis, 262 no. 1473; O. Walter, ÖJbBeibl 14 (1911) 60; Beschreibung, 4; Svoronos, 616 no. 251, pl. 109.2; Picard IV.2, 1256 n. 2 on 1257; Hamdorf, 95 no. 258(a); Mitropoulou, Contributions, 49; U. Kron, AM 94 (1979) 51 n. 9; O. Palagia, Hesperia 51 (1982) 109, pl. 36d; LIMC III, 146 no. 1, pl. 125, s.v. Boule (V. Komninos); Meyer, 303-4 A 136, pl. 41.1; L. J. Roccos, Hesperia 60 (1991) 409 no. 4, pl. 109.143.
Two joining fragments, discovered in Attica in 1932, exact provenance unknown. Acquired in 1932 by L. Robert, shortly thereafter by l'École française. All of top, most of both edges preserved, broken along bottom of inscription, back set into modern wall. Relief bordered by 0.05 wide antae, above by single course with first line of heading and pediment with akroteria. Horizontal sima inscribed ΘΕΟΙ. Traces of paint on pediment: egg and dart on ovolo, solid colour in pediment. Paint on relief: blue background, red shield and cuirass of Ares. Surface corroded, covered with brown iron stain. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.73, h. of relief (panel only) 0.265, w. 0.39 (top), 0.42 (bottom), 0.435 (pediment), th. (before set into wall, according to Robert) 0.065 (top), 0.06 (bottom), relief h. 0.004, h. of letters 0.004-0.006 (line 1), 0.009 (line 2), 0.006 (lines 3ff.). The decree of the deme Acharnai concerns the construction of altars to Ares and Athena Areia at their sanctuary in Acharnai, which is where the stele was probably originally set up; no. 177, which was found with it, was dedicated by the priest of the sanctuary. The relief depicts Athena crowning Ares, who is shown in hoplite armour (cf. nos. 125, reportedly found in Acharnai, and no. 139, from Athens, which probably also depict Ares). There are at least two parallels in document reliefs for the motif of deities or personifications crowning others of their rank (nos. 38, 133). Athena stands on the right and turns slightly toward the left. She wears a short-sleeved chiton, peplos, aegis with gorgoneion, and an Attic helmet. With her right hand she places a crown on Ares' head. Her left hand rests on the rim of her shield. Ares is a beardless figure of the same scale who turns slightly toward Athena. He wears a short chiton, cuirass, and a chlamys draped over both shoulders, and he once held a painted spear in his raised right hand. His left hand rests on his shield. The tall, slim, high-waisted figures, the flat, unrevealing drapery with its straight, sharply etched folds, the coarse featured heads, and the flat frame of the relief are characteristic of a number of document reliefs from the third quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 36, 38, 145-148). The figure types particularly resemble those of the relief of 340/39 honouring Phokinos, Nikandros, and Dexippos (no. 36), but the clear differences in the quality of the two reliefs suggest a workshop relationship rather than the presence of a single hand. The Athena, however, is so close to the Athena of no. 144 that the two reliefs may have been the work of the same sculptor. L. Robert, Études épigraphiques et philologiques (1938) 293-96, pl. 1; Tod II, 204; M. Guarducci, RivFil 39 (1961) 63 n. 6; Picard IV.2, 1256 n. 2 on p. 1257, 1262 n. 6 on p. 1263, fig. 493; G. Daux, Charesterion A. K Orlandos A (1965) 87-90, pls. 3, 4; SEG 21.519; E. B. Harrison, AJA 71 (1967) 53; Frel, Les sculpteurs anonymes, 35 no. 213, pl. 23; Schmaltz, 33 n. 45; B. Holtzmann, BCH 96 (1972) 73-79, figs. 1, 2; Thompson and Wycherley, Agora XIV: The Agora of Athens (1972) 165; Harrison, ‘Eponymous Heroes’, 77; U. Kron, AM 94 (1979) 51 n. 9; LIMC II, 483 no. 65, s.v. Ares (P. Bruneau), 1013 no. 610, pl. 365, s.v. Athena (P. Demargne); SEG 34.104; Meyer, 304 A 137, pl. 41.2; I. Beck, Ares in Vasenmalerei, Relief und Rundplastik (1984), 92-3, 101-2, 106-7, 114, 126-7.144.
Two non-joining fragments: a (EM 7029a), found in 1860 in excavations east of Erechtheion, b (EM 7029), found on Akropolis in 1880. Fragment a preserves part of top, right edge of relief, otherwise broken all around, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on right by 0.0375 wide anta, above by 0.075 wide entablature inscribed with first two lines of heading and [ΘΕΟ]Ι. Surface worn, corroded. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.23, p.w. 0.21, th. 0.11, relief h. 0.005, h. of letters 0.009. The very fragmentary inscription concerns honours for the Poimenidai and other Megalopolitans. On the right stands Athena, preserved only from the hips up, turning slightly toward the left. She wears a peplos, aegis, and Attic helmet. Her right arm, broken off just below the elbow, was extended, perhaps to crown one or more of the honorands on the left. The opaque drapery with sharply cut lines radiating from Athena's belt is characteristic of the plainer drapery style that begins in the middle of the fourth century (cf. nos. 28, 29). The Athena type, the low relief, and flat frame link the relief with several others from the middle to the third quarter of the century (nos. 36, 143), of which no. 143 may be by the same hand. K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1859) 1878 no. 3639; U. Köhler, AM (1880) 320 no. 7; Sybel, 351-52 no. 5225; IG II.5 103b; A. Wilhelm, ÖJhBeibl (1898) 45; Binneboeßel, 12 no. 52, 20, 56, 58-59; Svoronos, 666 no. 435 (i), pl. 210.3; Lambrechts, pl. 10; Frel, Les sculpteurs anonymes, 35 no. 214; B. Holtzmann, BCH 96 (1972) 74 n. 1; Meyer, 299 A 120, pl. 48.4.150.
Two (?) non-joining fragments: NM 2958 (with relief), from Akropolis, EM 7166 (IG II2 417), found in 1839 west of Parthenon. Part of top, right edge of relief preserved, otherwise broken all around. Relief bordered on right by 0.0325 wide anta supporting 0.035 high entablature, below by 0.045 wide moulding consisting of taenia and ovolo. Architrave inscribed: ΕΥΤΑΞΙΑ. Surface slightly worn, chipped. White, medium-grained marble. NM 2958: p.h. 0.385, p.w. 0.355, th. 0.11 (moulding bottom), 0.105 (top); relief h. 0.02; EM 7166: p.h. 0.39, p.w. 0.33, th. 0.165, h. of letters 0.006. The moulding and the continuation of the stele below it indicate that the relief belonged to an inscription, but it is uncertain whether its usual association with IG II2 417, a list of two men from each phyle concerned with a liturgy called the eutaxia, is correct. The female figure on the right is identified by the inscribed label on the architrave above as Eutaxia, a personification of the discipline of the military and the gymnasium, a quality particularly associated with the ephebes. By the late fourth century it was also a term for a liturgy, which Palagia interpreted as sponsorship of a festival event involving armed contestants (JHS 95 [1975] 181-82). Eutaxia is frontal, her head turned in near-profile view toward the left. Her weight has shifted to her left leg in such a way that her left hip swings outward emphatically. She wears a high-girt chiton with shoulder cords and a himation with a triangular overfold draped low across her torso. Her right hand is raised and points toward the left. In her left hand she holds a broken, unidentified object. Further left is a male figure of the same scale, also wearing a himation with triangular overfold, who leans on a staff held crutch-like under his left arm. His right arm, completely broken off, was raised and probably crowned the smaller male figure on the left. His head is entirely broken away but appears to have been inclined toward the honorand. Kron suggested that the figure is a phyle hero because the eutaxia was a phyle responsibility, but because the liturgists for all ten phylai were listed in IG II2 417, the figure is more likely to be Demos (cf. nos. 49, 54, 117, 126, 150, 172, possibly nos. 23, 45). On the far left is a much smaller male figure whose upper body and head are broken away. He wears a short chiton and a mantle draped over his left arm; his left hand rests on the rim of his shield. If the relief belongs with IG II2 417, this figure should represent the victors being honoured by Demos and Eutaxia; his dress and the tripod mounted on a column in the background refer to the contest. Cf. the similar relief from a dedication of victorious prytaneis (no. 97), in which a single figure represents the prytaneis and a hydria in the background represents their prize. The very high-waisted, pear-shaped figure of Eutaxia, her torsion, and the pronounced outward swing of the hips of both Demos and Eutaxia are characteristic of reliefs of the last quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 47, 49). Palagia has noted the close resemblance of the two male figures to figures in no. 149. As she pointed out, if the relief concerns a liturgy, it should date before Demetrios of Phaleron abolished the festival liturgies between 317/16 and 309/8. K. S. Pittakys, ArchEph (1842) 560-61 no. 959, fig. 959 (drwg.); Rangabé II, 790-91 no. 1241; R. Förster, AdI 42 (1870) 219-21; Schöne, 34-36 no. 63, pl. 13 (drwg.); IG II 172; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 561, 568 n. 4, 569; Sybel, 426 no. 6931; Friederichs and Wolters, 391 no. 181; P. Gardner, JHS 9 (1888) 57; Le Bas, pl. 37.2 (drwg.); J. Sundwall, RhM 60 (1905) 150-51; RE 6 (1909) 1491-92, s.v. eutaxia (Waser); P. C. H. Schween, Die Epistaten des Agons und der Palaestra in Literatur und Kunst (Diss. Kiel 1911) 83; Walter, Beschreibung, 39; Matz, 56; B. Schröder, Der Sport im Altertum (1927) pl. 10 b; Binneboeßel, 14-15 no. 64, 20, 71-73; Svoronos, 659 no. 417, pl. 193.3; O. Walter, ÖJh 30 (1937) 55 n. 16; Süsserott, 122, 193, pl. 24.3; SEG 12.90; Hamdorf, 94 no. 254 (m); D. M. Lewis, Hesperia 37 (1968) 376 n. 25; Rauscher, 164; O. Palagia, JHS 95 (1975) 180-82, pl. XXII b; Kron, Phylenheroen, 237-38, 281 (9); Palagia, Euphranor, 21 n. 104, 23, 58, 60-62, fig. 34; Hesperia 51 (1982) 107-9, pl. 35c; LIMC II, 887 no. 337, s.v. Asklepios (B. Holtzmann); III, 380 no. 59, pl. 275, s.v. Demos (O. Alexandri-Tzachou); IV, 120 no. 1, s.v. Eutaxia (O. Palagia); Meyer, 306 A 142, pl. 42.1.151.
Provenance unknown. Broken all around, back rough-picked. Relief separated from inscription by narrow, rounded, roughly carved band. Surface worn, with accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.32, p.h. of relief 0.08, p.w. 0.22, th. 0.12, relief h. 0.005, h. of letters 0.006. The content of the fragmentary inscription is unclear; it may have concerned the Dolopians (line 12). Most of the heading is missing, but Meritt restored the archon Archippos of 321/20 in line 2 and the missing anagrapheus, Thrasykles of Thria, on the moulding that originally would have crowned the relief. The crudely carved relief depicts three figures. Two of the figures are males of the same scale, wearing himatia and preserved only from the knees down. The figure on the left turns toward the left, the figure next to him on the right turns toward the right. At the broken right edge of the fragment is the foot of an apparently smaller figure, perhaps an honorand, turned toward the left. The identity and relationship of the figures are unclear; there should have been something on the the left side of the relief engaging the attention of the figure who has turned in that direction. The relief is too crude and fragmentary to be dated by its style, but its handwerkliche quality would not be out of place toward the end of the fourth century (cf. nos. 43, 45). IG II.5 245 b; Binneboeßel, 16 no. 72, 20; W. K. Pritchett and B. D. Meritt, The Chronology of Hellenistic Athens (1940) 4-6; Meritt, The Athenian Year (1961) 112-13; Hesperia 30 (1961) 290; S. Dow, HSCP 67 (1963) 43-45; Hesperia 32 (1963) 351; SEG 21.304; N. C. Ashton, JHS 104 (1984) 153 n. 16; SEG 34.70; Meyer, 301 A 128.152.
Two joining fragments of complete stele: upper fragment found in Eleusis in 1883 excavations of Greek Archaeological Society; lower fragment found in Eleusis in 1888. Relief bordered above by plain taenia and moulding, together 0.045 high. Back rough-picked. Surface somewhat worn, corroded, with iron stains. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.95, h. of relief 0.26, w. 0.305 (top), 0.315 (bottom), th. 0.065, relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.005. The decree, set up by the deme of Eleusis, honours Smikythion for his services to the deme as peripolarchos or patrol commander and awards him a gold crown. The demarch is charged with the responsibility of having the decree inscribed and set up in an appropriate location (lines 27-31). Smikythion is shown as a small bearded figure standing on the far right, his right hand raised in adoration; his left hand holds the end of his himation. He looks toward the much larger figures of Demeter and Kore on the left. Demeter, facing left, sits on a kiste. She wears a chiton and himation. Her right hand holds the extended left hand of Kore, standing before her on the left, or perhaps they held a painted crown between them. Kore is a nearly frontal figure holding a torch in her right hand. She wears a chiton and over it a himation completely covering her body and knotted under her left arm. Demeter and Kore resemble the figures on a decree of Eleusis honouring Derkylos of Hagnous (no. 127), on votive reliefs, and on Panathenaic amphorae, all apparently dating from the second half of the fourth century. No. 34, an Athenian decree from Eleusis, also depicts Demeter seated on a kiste. The positions of the figures relative to each other vary, but the figure types are similar and perhaps derived from an Eleusinian cult group, as Kern and Jucker have suggested. The very high-waisted proportions of the figures and the generalized treatment of their heavy drapery call for a date in the last quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 45, 150, 153). D. Philios, ArchEph (1883) 133-36 no. 11 (39); ArchEph (1888) 21-24 no. 39; P. Foucart, BCH 13 (1889) 265; Philios, ArchEph (1890) 82 n. 1; O. Kern, AM 17 (1892) 131, fig. 7 (drwg.); IG II.5 574 g; SIG I3 356; P. Mingazzini, NSc (1927) 312 b; SEG 3.119; Kirchner, 21 no. 69, pl. 31; E. Bielefeld, Wissentschaftliche Zeitschrift der Universität Greifswald I (1951/52) 8 no. 26; F. Mitchel, Hesperia 33 (1964) 343, pl. 65b; H. Metzger, Recherches sur l'imagerie athénienne (1965) 35 no. 11; SEG 22.119; A. Peschlow-Bindokat, JdI 87 (1972) 118, 152 R46; K. Kanta, Eleusis: Myth, Mysteries, History, Museum (1979) 106 no. 5115; Palagia, Euphranor, 30; I. Jucker, AA 95 (1980) 462-63, figs. 22-24; SEG 30.92; LIMC IV, 868 no. 279, pl. 580, s.v. Demeter (L. Beschi); Meyer, 298 A 117, pl. 38.1.153.
Found near Hephaisteion in 1891 construction of Athens-Piraeus railway. Top, both edges of relief, and right edge of inscription preserved. Broken bottom encased in plaster, back rough-picked. Relief bordered by tapering 0.03-0.035 wide antae supporting 0.055 high entablature with antefixes, architrave inscribed: ΑΜΦΙΑΡΑΟΣ ΑΡΤΙΚΛΕΙΔΗΣ ΥΓΙΕΙΑ. Below, 0.0375 wide moulding inscribed [ΘΕΟ. Surface worn, flaked, with dark stains, accretions. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.44 (relief), p.h. of relief 0.40, w. 0.47 (relief), th. 0.12 (relief), 0.105 (inscription), relief h. 0.03, h. of letters 0.007. All that remains of the inscription is a fragmentary heading, but the relief indicates that it is an honorary decree for an otherwise unknown Artikleides, probably for his services to the cult of Amphiaraos. On the right stands Hygieia, who turns slightly toward the left and with her right hand places a crown on Artikleides' head. In her left hand she holds an oinochoe. She wears a high-girt chiton and himation with a triangular overfold. The much smaller figure of Artikleides stands behind a low altar. His right arm, broken off at the elbow, is extended and may have held a phiale. His association with the altar lends some support to Kutsch's suggestion that he was a priest. On the other side of the altar is Amphiaraos, who leans on a staff held crutch-like under his left arm. His right hand, broken off at the wrist, is extended and may also have held a phiale. His himation is wrapped around his left arm and crosses his torso with a triangular overfold. The figure closely resembles an Asklepios-like type for Amphiaraos represented by two fragmentary fourth-century statues found at the Amphiaraion at Oropos (B. Petrakos, Ho Oropos kai to Hieron tou Amphiaraou (1968) 120 nos. 10, 11, pls. 34b, 35a; cf. also no. 132.). The statue of Amphiaraos that Pausanias (1.8.2) saw in the Agora may also have been of this familiar type and could have provided the model for the relief, which its find-spot suggests was erected nearby. (Cf. NM 1383, Svoronos, pl. 38.4, a fragmentary votive relief depicting Hygieia that was found at the same time.) Although the inscription has been dated to the first half of the fourth century on the basis of its letter forms, the very tall, slim proportions of the figures, the very high-waisted Hygieia, and the emphatic outward swing of Amphiaraos' hip suggest a date in the last quarter of the fourth century. The three figures resemble the honorand, Demos, and Boule in the more crudely worked relief of the honorary decree for Asklepiodoros (no. 49) dated 323/22, and the stance of Amphiaraos is also close to that of Deloptes in the decree of the orgeones of Bendis of 329/28 (no. 47). Cf. also no. 150. H. Lolling, ArchDelt (1891) 89 no. 23; A. Körte, AM 18 (1893) 253-56; IG II.5 83c; L. Kjellberg, Asklepios, mythologisch-archäologische Studien II (1897/98) 26; EA 5 (1902) 4 no. 1215 (Löwy); Kastriotis, 244-45 no. 1396; V. Staïs, Marbres et bronzes du Musée National (1910) 234-35 no. 1396; F. Kutsch, Attische Heilgötter und Heilheroen (1913) 39-41, 121 no. 248, 135 no. 13; Binneboeßel, 15 no. 65, 20, 70, 72, 73; Svoronos, 347-48 no. 93, pl. 50.4; O. Walter, ÖJh 30 (1937) 55 n. 16; Süsserott, 119; Walter, ÖJh 32 (1940) 15 n. 48; Wycherley, Agora III, 49 no. 105; U. Hausmann, Kunst und Heiltum: Untersuchungen zu den griechischen Asklepiosreliefs (1948) 96, 168 no. 20 (A45); Picard IV.2, 1265; Hamdorf, 107 no. 394; Rauscher, 164-65; LIMC I, 702 no. 65, pl. 565, s.v. Amphiaraos (I. Krauskopf); II, 888 no. 372, s.v. Asklepios (B. Holtzmann); Meyer, 306 A 143, pl. 42.2.154.
Found in Glyphada in 1941. Broken at bottom, central, and side akroteria; back rough-picked. Relief framed by antae supporting pediment with palmette akroteria; theatre masks and ΘΕΟΙ inscribed on architrave. Two large olive wreaths below text. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.96, p.h. of relief 0.40, w. 0.36 (top), 0.40 (bottom), th. 0.05 (top), 0.06 (bottom), relief h. very low, h. of letters 0.006- 0.007. The decree of the deme Aixone honours Auteas son of Autokles and Philoxenides son of Philippos, successful choregoi for their choregia in the local Dionysia, and awards each of them a 100-drachmai gold crown. The stele was to have been set up in the local theatre (lines 11-13 The relief depicts a young satyr carrying an oinochoe toward a seated figure of Dionysos, who holds a kantharos in his right hand. The satyr is depicted as a nude boy with a short tail. The youthful Dionysos sits on a rock, with his left hand raised and holding a sceptre. A long lock of hair hangs down over his left shoulder, and he wears a wreath. Carved in low relief on the architrave above the relief panel are five comic masks. The decree was passed in the archonship of Theophrastos, but whether this is the archon of 340/39 or of 313/12 is not specified. Its editors accepted the later date to which for prosopographical reasons Kirchner assigned the contemporary decree from Aixone that has the same archon, proposer, and demarch (no. 155); the only other choregic decrees from Aixone are dated 326/25 and 317/16 (IG II2 1198, 1200). Webster, however, has since argued for the earlier date because the masks on the architrave more closely resemble those of Middle than of New Comedy. He also cited prosopographical arguments to counter those for the later date, but they are not conclusive. The style of the relief, with its stiff drapery and poorly articulated anatomy, is more consistent with the later date, although its frame with flattened anta capitals resembles those of a group of somewhat earlier reliefs (nos. 38, 143-148). It is not by the same hand as no. 155. N. Kyparissis and W. Peek, AM 66 (1941) 218-19 no. 1, pl. 73; Lippold, 276 n. 9; T. B. L. Webster, JHS 71 (1951) 222 n. 7; Studies in Later Greek Comedy (1953) 75-76, pl. 3; ArchEph (1954) 193, 194; Greek Theatre Production (1956) 56, 61-62, 64-66, 73, 81, 117, 142, 182, pl. 19; AntK 3 (1960) 32, 34; Hesperia 29 (1960) 264, 265, 268, 272; M. Bieber, A History of the Greek and Roman Theatre2 (1961) 51-52, fig. 215; C. W. J. Eliot, Coastal Demes of Attika: a study of the policy of Kleisthenes (1962) 218-19; Picard IV.2, 1266-67; A. Pickard-Cambridge, The Dramatic Festivals of Athens2 (1968) 49, fig. 25; Guarducci, 49-51, fig. 3; A. D. Trendall and Webster, Illustrations of Greek Drama (1971) IV 8a, fig. p. 122; P. Ghiron-Bistagne, Recherches sur les acteurs dans la Grèce antique (1976) 86-90, 95, 96, 133, fig. 34; Zagdoun, FdD IV.6, 60, fig. 41; Webster, Monuments Illustrating Old and Middle Comedy3 (1978) 118 AS 2; LIMC III, 495 no. 854, pl. 403, s.v. Dionysos (C. Gasparri); Whitehead, 235-52; Meyer, 305 A 141, pl. 44.2.155.
Found at Trachones in 1864 excavations of Count Blourdorff, Russian Minister to Greece. Both edges of relief and inscription preserved, broken top and bottom. Relief bordered by antae. Reportedly Pentelic marble. p.h. 0.66, w. 0.40, th. 0.16, h. of letters 0.007. Not examined. The deme of Aixone honours Kallikrates son of Glaukon and Aristokrates son of Aristophanes for their service to the deme. The decree was to have been set up by the deme in the theatre of Aixone (lines 18-21), which was the site of an active rural Dionysia (see also no. 154 and IG II2 1198 and 1200). The subject of the relief and the location of the stele suggest that the honours were related to the festival. Whitehead's suggestion that these were the choregoi who lost to Auteas and Philoxenides (no. 154) in the festival's competition is unconvincing because Kallikrates and Aristokrates are awarded the more expensive 500-drachmai wreaths. Two figures face each other on either side of a small altar. The figure on the left, whose head is missing, is a satyr or silenos whose furry body is visible above and below his himation. Meyer suggested that his goat-like character was intended as a play on the name Aixone; the Greek word for goat is ἄιξ The figure steps toward the altar and with his right hand prepares to pour from an oinochoe into the kantharos held by the other, larger figure, probably Dionysos, who is preserved only from the waist down. He wears a himation and in his left hand holds an object which may be his thyrsos. Other traces of relief at the upper edge of this fragment have been interpreted as a scroll, but it is difficult to see how this would be held, and these may instead be traces of drapery thrown over the figure's shoulder. The large krater in the left corner of the relief, appropriate for its function as a wine-mixing bowl, probably represents a prize in the Dionysia's dramatic competition (cf. no. 97). The decree dates from the archonship of Theophrastos and thus from either 340/39 or 313/12. Köhler in IG II and Kirchner following him in IG II2 chose the later date largely for prosopographical reasons: a brother of the proposer Glaukides is mentioned in a catalogue of ca. 320 (IG II2 1955; KirchPA 12784), and Aristokrates himself proposed a decree in honour of Demetrios of Phaleron in 317 (IG II2 1201). Webster, however, has argued for the earlier date for no. 54, which was passed at the same time, primarily on the basis of the style of the relief, the types of masks depicted on its architrave, and some inconclusive prosopographical arguments. The drapery of the figures and the emphatic swing in the satyr's stance suggest that the later date is the more likely (cf. nos. 47, 49). A. S. Rusopoulos, BdI (1864) 129-32; E. Miller, RA 22 (1865) 154-59; IG II 585; A. Dumont, BCH 2 (1878) 568 n. 2; Binneboeßel, 16 no. 71, 20, 23, 77; K. Schefold in BrBr, pl. 785 b; W. Peek, AM 66 (1941) 218; C. Picard, REG 55 (1942) 312; T. B. L. Webster, JHS 71 (1951) 222 n. 7; Hesperia 29 (1960) 257; C. W. J. Eliot, Coastal Demes of Attika: a study of the policy of Kleisthenes (1962) 7-9; Webster, Monuments Illustrating Tragedy and Satyr Play (1962) 33-34 no. AS 7; Picard IV.2, 1202, 1266-67; A. Pickard-Cambridge, The Dramatic Festivals of Athens2 (1968) 49; V. von Graeve, Der Alexandersarkoph und seine Werkstatt (1970) 168, pl. 80; P. Ghiron-Bistagne, Recherches sur les acteurs dans la Grèce antique (1976) 88-90, fig. 35; SEG 26.133; Whitehead, 218-19; Meyer, 306 A 140, pl. 44.1; SEG 36.185, 186.156.
Found in 1866 near port of Zea in Piraeus. Both edges, top preserved, broken (?) bottom set in plaster, back smooth. Stele capped by 0.04 high moulding consisting of rough taenia and ovolo. Unbordered relief panel in upper right corner of stele. Surface somewhat worn, chipped. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.45, h. of relief panel 0.125, w. 0.28 (top, at moulding), 0.26 (top, below moulding), 0.275 (bottom), w. of relief panel 0.085, th. 0.075 -0.08, relief h. very low, h. of letters 0.005. The inscription is a lease in which Eukrates, son of Exekias of Aphidna, rents a shop and outbuildings in Piraeus from eight Kytherian meritai, probably officials of the Attic deme of Kytheros rather than the distant island Kythera. The stele was to have been set up ‘by the hero’ (lines 24-25), presumably the statue of the hero for whom the Philippides of lines 1-2 was priest. The relief is very unusual in its position in the upper right corner of the stele. On the right is a bearded (?) figure, probably the same hero, seated on a chair turned toward the left. In his extended right hand he holds a kantharos. Opposite him on the left is a standing female figure. In her right hand she holds an oinochoe, preparing to pour from it into the kantharos. The lack of specific designations for the priest and the hero in the document suggest that they were well known to all concerned and that the figures are representations of the hero and perhaps the heroine of a local cult. Libation scenes are commonly found on votive reliefs dedicated to heroes (B. Mitropoulou, Libation Scene with Oinochoe in Votive Reliefs [1975]); in this context the libation may refer to an oath and libation with which the business of the lease was concluded. The very tall proportions, the high-waisted female figure (cf. nos. 45, 150, 553), and the superficial, generalized workmanship are characteristics of late fourth-century relief. The composition and the very flat, summary execution of the figures suggest that the relief was carved by a sculptor of minor grave stelai and marble lekythoi (cf. Schmaltz, pls. 41, 44). C. Wescher, RA 14 (1866) 352-58 no. 5; A. Kirchhoff, Hermes 2 (1867) 169-73; Schöne, 56-57 no. 115, pl. 28 (drwg.); Heydemann, 271-74 no. 738; Sybel, 63 no. 331; IG II 1058; Kastriotis, 263 no. 1477; SIG3 1216; Svoronos, 596-98 no. 244, pl. 105.3; O. Palagia, Hesperia 51 (1982) 107-10, pl. 36a; M. H. Jameson, Studies in Attic Epigraphy, History and Topography presented to Eugene Vanderpool, Hesperia, Suppl. 19 (1982) 72-73; Whitehead, 147-48, 383; Meyer, 307 A 145; LIMC VI, 170-71 no. 1, s.v. Kytheros (A. Onassoglou); 583 no. 1, s.v. Misthosis (M. Luz Neira Jiménez).157.
Found in 1922 in house foundations in neighbourhood of Dourgouti, south of Fix brewery and on left bank of Ilissos. Broken at bottom of inscription, back rough-picked. Relief bordered by tapering 0.035-0.042 wide antae, above by pediment, below by plain taenia and flattened ovolo, together 0.045 wide. Surface very worn, chipped, with red-brown iron stains. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.63, h. of relief 0.36, w. 0.36 (relief), 0.31 (inscription), th. 0.10 (relief), 0.095 (inscription), relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.004. The decree records the honours of the elder epilektoi, members of an elite corps of the infantry, of the phyle Antiochis for their taxiarch Prokleides; he is given a gold crown. On the right stands the nude frontal figure of Herakles, whose head is slightly turned toward the left. His right hand holds the top of his club; its lower end rests on a rock. His lion skin is draped over his left forearm (cf. no. 158). Opposite him is a bearded figure wearing a himation who probably represents his son Antiochos; his large scale indicates that he is not the mortal honorand, and the eponymous hero of the phyle bestowing the honours is the most appropriate identification. His raised left hand held a painted spear or staff. His right hand rests on his hip. No standard type for Antiochos emerges from known representations of him, but E. B. Harrison has pointed out that in at least two vase paintings he is shown with his hand on his hip (‘Eponymous Heroes’, 78). Herakles is probably present in the relief not only as the father of Antiochos but also because the heroon of Antiochos was apparently associated with or even in the Herakles sanctuary in Kynosarges. This decree is one of at least three of Antiochis (SEG 3.115-17) found in the area of the south bank of the Ilissos where the Herakleion is believed to have been located, one of which (SEG 3.115) was to have been set up in the heroon. See also no. 145, a document relief found there that must also represent Antiochos. The squat figures with their large, almost caricatured facial features and the stiff, straight drapery folds are characteristic of the sometimes handwerkliche quality of document reliefs in the second half of the fourth century (cf. nos. 36, 43, 45). The pose of Herakles, with his hip swung outward, suggests a date toward the end of the century (cf. nos. 46, 47, 49). For other phyle decrees, see nos. 53, 107, 128, 138, possibly 148. C. Karouzos, ArchDelt 8 (1923) 85-102 no. 2, fig. 2; Kron, Phylenheroen, 191 n. 926, 192-93, 239, 279 An 5, pl. 28.1; E. B. Harrison, ‘Eponymous Heroes’, 78; E. G. Pemberton, BSA 76 (1981) 319, pl. 55d; LIMC I, 852 no. 6, pl. 679, s.v. Antiochos (E. B. Harrison); R. Vollkommer, Herakles in the Art of Classical Greece (1988) 53 no. 393; Meyer, 304-5 A 139; L. Tritle, AHB 4 (1989) 54-59.158.
From Akropolis. Part of left edge of relief and moulding preserved, back rough-picked. Relief bordered on left by 0.03 wide anta, below by taenia with first line of inscription and ovolo, together 0.045 wide. Surface very worn, flaked, chipped. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.39, p.h. of relief 0.315, p.w. 0.32, th. 0.145 (relief), 0.125 (inscription), relief h. 0.015, h. of letters 0.007. The decree, of which only part of the first line is preserved, is apparently a grant of proxeny for a man whose name has been restored as Sostratos. On the left stands the frontal figure of Herakles, probably the hero of the honorand's home (cf. nos. 72, 111, 129, 133), leaning on the small end of his club held at his hip with his right hand; the other end rests on a rock. His lion skin is draped over his left arm (cf. no. 57). On the right is a female figure of the same scale, probably Athena, of whom only the contour and lower part of the right leg are preserved. She held her spear in her right hand and probably turned toward the honorand, who would have been in the missing right side of the relief. The emphatic outward swing of his hip is common in figures in the last quarter of the fourth century (cf. nos. 47, 49). H. Lolling, SBBerl (1887) 1063; IG II.5 200 c; Walter, Beschreibung, 12, 16; Svoronos, 665 no. 433 (3), pl. 208.3; Lambrechts, pl. 15; LIMC IV, 747 no. 329, pl. 467, s.v. Herakles (O. Palagia); Meyer, 297-98 A 114, pl. 36.2; O. Palagia, OJA 9 (1990) 56-57.159.
Found on east side of Akropolis. p.h. 0.175, p.w. 0.175, th. 0.08, h. of letters 0.006. Not examined. According to Wilhelm, the very fragmentary inscription apparently concerned the leasing of a temenos. Because its orator lacks both patronymic and demotic, Henry suggested that it was a tribal or deme decree. Kirchner in IG dated the inscription to the end of the fourth century. Two male feet were all that remain of the relief. A. Wilhelm, AM 39 (1914) 180; Binneboeßel, 16 no. 76; Henry, Prescripts, 61; SEG 26.91; Meyer, 314 A 178.184.
Probably from Akropolis. Part of top preserved, back rough-picked. Badly damaged border above, 0.06 wide. Surface worn. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.19, p.w. 0.16, th. 0.11, relief h. 0.01. None of the inscription is preserved, but the subject of the relief indicates that it belonged to an honorary decree. All that remains is the right arm of a figure, perhaps Athena, extending a crown toward the left where the honorand must once have stood. Walter believed that the deeply cut contours around the relief indicated unfinished work. Sybel, 432 no. 7004; Walter, Beschreibung, 23 no. 33, fig. 33; U. Kron, AM 95 (1979) 51 n. 7; Meyer, 313 A 175.185.
Provenance unknown. Left edge of moulding, part of battered left edge of relief preserved, otherwise broken all around and back. Relief bordered below by taenia inscribed Θ[ΕΟΙ] and ovolo, together 0.085 wide. Surface very worn, battered, corroded. White, medium-grained marble. p.h. 0.23, p.w. 0.18, p.th. 0.125, relief h. ca. 0.02. The body of the inscription is not preserved. On the left is a seated figure facing right, preserved only from the thighs down. The figure is probably male; there are no folds of an undergarment showing beneath the himation. He appears to be leaning somewhat forward, with his right hand resting on the rocky seat. The figure is too worn for even an approximate dating. Svoronos, 670 no. 451 (5), pl. 223.5; Meyer, 311-12 A 168, pl. 53.1.186.
From Akropolis. Upper part of stele with relief and pediment with rosette in centre. Pentelic marble. h. 0.34, w. 0.27. Not examined. The very fragmentary inscription may have been an honorary decree for Prokles Gniphonos. Because the relief represents three riders moving toward the right, it has been suggested that he was a phylarch. P. Wolters, AM 12 (1887) 268; H. Lolling, SBBerl (1888) 252; IG II.5 4324; O. Walter, AM 66 (1941) 152 n. 1; W. Peek, AM 67 (1942) 131 no. 292; B. D. Meritt, Hesperia 15 (1946) 217 n. 30; Langenfaß-Vuduroglu, 36 no. 70.187.
Four fragments: a (EM 8043 + 8044 + 8045) found in 1876-77 excavations on South Slope of Akropolis, b (EM 7571) reported from same vicinity in 1877/78. Part of top, left edge preserved, back rough-picked. Relief in pediment. Four crowns between pediment and inscription, eight crowns below inscription, ninth broken away. Surface worn, chipped. Grey, medium-grained marble. Fragment a: p.h. 0.59, w. 0.52, th. 0.14, relief h. 0.009, h. of letters 0.006. The partially preserved decree is apparently a reaffirmation for Telesias of Troizen of the Athenian citizenship previously given to one of his ancestors. Although the decree is securely dated to the eighth prytany of the archonship of Hagnotheos (line 9), 140/39, Osborne suggested that the monument itself may be considerably later, for in some of the crowns below the text are records of Telesias' positions in Athenian state religion that he could not have held without citizenship. The relief refers particularly to Telesias' Athenian citizenship. The only surviving example of mythological narrative in a document relief, it depicts Theseus lifting the rock which covered the gnorismata by which he would prove his own Athenian citizenship, an event that took place in his youth in Troizen. In the centre of the relief the nude Theseus turns toward the right and pushes against a tall, oblong rock, revealing on the ground beneath it the sword and shoes of his father Aigeus, king of Athens. There was a bronze statue of Theseus lifting the rock on the Akropolis (Paus. 1.27.8), and the deed is also depicted in vase painting. Although the stele is ambitious in size and ornament, the relief itself is crudely cut, the anatomy distorted, and the shoes and sword barely recognizable. S. A. Koumanoudes, Athenaion (1876/77) 522-25 no. 6; Athenaion 6 (1877/78) 369-70 no. 3; Sybel, 299 no. 4049; IG II 1358; F. von Duhn, AZ 35 (1877) 171-72 no. 104; W. Hartel, Studien über attisches Staatsrecht und Urkundenwesen (1878) 36; IG II.5 458b; A. Wilhelm, Beiträge zur griechischen Inschrtftenkunde (1909) 230 Svoronos, 667 no. 442 (5), pl. 217.5; T. Ritti, MemLinc 14 (1969/70) 268 no. 5, pl. II fig. 2; C. Sourvinou-Inwood, JHS 91 (1971) 94-109; SEG 28.464; SEG 29.120; Osborne, Naturalization, D 102; SEG 31.271; SEG 32.134; Meyer, 315-16 C 2; SEG 36.175.The Getty Grant program provided support for entering this text.
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