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πεπόμφασι δὲ καὶ . . . καὶ . . . οἴχεται—chiasmus is very commion in Thuc., and is quite a feature of his style. τὰς μὲν . . . ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν—the iegular, but not universal order when a preposition occurs with ὁ μὲν or ὁ δὲ is that the particle should follow the preposition immediately; e.g. Andoc. I. 29 περὶ μὲν τῶν μυστηρίων . . . περὶ δὲ τῶν ἀναθημάτων. In VI. 76.4 οἱ μὲν is in a remarkable position. καὶ πείσων . . . καὶ στρατιὰν—the double καὶ marks the balancing of the clauses, as in ὥσπερ καὶ . . . οὕτω καὶ.
τῶν τειχῶν . . πειρᾶν—the act. and mid. are equally used in this sense, II. 81 ὅπως πειρῷντο τοῦ τείχους. (Eustathius on Hom. Δ 166 τὸ πειρᾶσθαι παθητικὸν Ἀττικοὶ λέγουσιν ἀντί τοῦ ποιεῖσθαι ἀπόπειραν. Ὅμηρος μέντοι τὸ πειρᾶσθαι πειρᾶν ένταῦθα φησὶν ἐνεργητικῶς . . . και Θουκυδίδης δὲ τῶν τειχῶν ἡμῶν πειρᾶν.) See also on c. 32.1.
δεινὸν . . . δόξῃ—passive of δεινὸν ποιεῖσθαι to consider incredible. δεινὸν ποιεῖν denotes the outward expression of surprise, and is often used by Herod. and Thuc. But often in the Orators δεινὸν ποιεῖν means to act disgracefully; as Lys 3. 7, 26. ὅτι καὶ—for the ellipse after ὅτι, cf. Dem. 47.41 ἃ πεπονθὼς ἧν εἶπον καὶ ὅτι εἰσπράττων τῇ πόλει τὰ σκεύη. κἀκεῖνοι—ἐκεῖνος of ‘the enemy,’ as c. 6.1. In. II. 11.6 ὅταν ὁρῶσιν ἡμᾶς δῃοῦντάς τε καὶ τἀκείνων φθείροντας, we expect τὰ ἑαυτῶν, but Thuc. makes Archidamus refer to the enemy as ἐκεῖνοι τὸ μὲν πρῶτον—though at first. ἤκμαζε . . . ξηρότητι—cf. II. 20 ἀκμάζοντες νεότητι. σωτηρίᾳ—soundness. νῦν δὲ—the contrast of Past with Piescnt is among the commonest of rhetorical deviccs. Aristotle remarks that the efficacy of Antithesis results from its having the appearance of being a Proof; Bain that it is a consequence of the law that ‘we are affected only by change of impression.’
ἀνελκύσαντας διαψῦξαι—cf. Herod. VII. 59 τὰς νέας ἀνέψυχον ἀνελκύσαντες; Xen. Hell. I. 5.10 ἀνελκύσας τὰς ναῦς ἡσυχίαν ἦγεν ἐπισκευάζων καὶ ἀναψύχων. καὶ ἔτι πλείους—the corrective use of καί, as Demosthenes in the third Philippic, ἀπόλωλε καὶ νενόσηκεν ἡ Ἑλλάς. φανεραὶ δέ εἰσιν—cf. δῆλός εἰμι. A periphrasis of ποιῶ, εἰμι, or γίγνομαι with an adj. is very common, esp. in Herodotus. See Stein on Herod. V. 63.5 Cf. Isocr. Paneg. 122 πολλοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκδότους ἐποίησαν. μᾶλλον—i e. ἢ ἡμῖν, ellipse with the comparative being very common. ἐξουσία—the idiom ἐξουσία ἐστι or γίγνεται with plain infin. occurs frequently.
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