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Priv′y.

In almost all cities of the world, until a comparatively recent date, all kinds of filth were thrown into the public streets. This was forbidden in Paris by an ordinance in 1395. It was practiced till 1750 in Edinburgh. Three centuries since the royal residences of Spain were destitute of privies, while the circumnavigators found them among the Maories of New Zealand, the antipodes.

Laws ordering that every house in Paris should be furnished with a privy were passed in 1513, 1533, 1697, and 1700. A non-compliance was rendered penal. In other cities of France the same regulations were made.

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