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Gold-beat′ers Ham′mer.

A hammer with two somewhat rounded faces, used in beating the pack of alternate gold ribbon and vellum or gold-leaf and skin. As the work progresses smaller hammers are used.

The forging-hammer is used in reducing the ingot of gold to one sixth of an inch thickness. The anvil is a steel block 4 × 3 inches on the face.

The hammer for the first course of beating is short handled and weighs 15 or 16 pounds. The hammer for the next beating weighs 10 pounds.

The French series of hammers is: —

The flat or enlarging hammer. Its head is slightly convex, and has a diameter of 5 inches. Its shape is a truncated hexagonal pyramid, the face being the base. It weighs 14 or 15 pounds.

The commencing-hammer is more convex than the flat, has a face of 4 inches, and weighs 6 or 7 pounds.

The spreading-hammer (marteau à chasser) is still more convex, has a head 2 inches in diameter, and weighs 4 or 5 pounds.

The finishing-hammer is still more convex, has a face 4 inches in diameter, and weighs 12 or 13 pounds.

Gold was beaten into thin sheets by the ancient Egyptians, and used in ornamenting furniture, coffins, and numerous other articles.

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