Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia, W., <a target="_blank" onclick="openPopupWindow(this); return false" href="entityvote?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0001&auth=wood,s.,w.&n=1&type=person">Wood</a>, Ar-ti-fi′cial.

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19th-Century American

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Wood, Ar-ti-fi′cial.

A composition which is plastic when warm or wet (as the case may be), but hardens into a material resembling or having the uses of wood.

The materials are usually selected from among the following:—

Paper, paper-pulp, glue, flour, sawdust, hemp, shavings, ivory and bone dust, albumen, resins, gums, metallic oxides, drying-oils, gelatine, sulphur, caoutchouc, gun-cotton, guttapercha, mineral salts.

The means used are pulping or other means of incorporation; pressure in molds, baking, etc., according to material.

The purposes are moldings, veneers, parquetry, the usual uses of horn, ivory, hard rubber. bone, etc.

English patents from 1772 to 1835:—

Nos. 1,011, of 1772, Whittock and Hodgson. Composition for carving, casting, or modeling, composed of cartridge-paper, glue, wheat-flour, beech-tree sawdust, and hemp.

1,573, of 1854, Hitchins and Batley. Shavings of wood, ivory, and bone, combined with glue and perfumes added, forming a plastic mass which may be molded by pressure.

2,232, of 1855, F. C. Lepage Mixture of sawdust and albumen, gelatine, or size, with vegetable, animal, or metallic powders.

2,359, of 1855, A Parkes. 1. Oils are treated with chloride of sulphur solution, converting them into a substance resembling vulcanized rubber, which may be combined with caoutchouc.

2. To a solution of gun cotton are added gums, resins, indiarubber or gutta-percha, animal substances, as phosphates of ammonia or magnesia, oxide of cadmium, perchloride of mercury, oxide of tin, alum, etc.

518, of 1858, John C. Martin. Any fibrous substance of which paper may be made, resin, soda or potash, glue, a drying oil, and sugar of lead.

No. 112, of 1861, C Stevens. Wood-shavings are treated with caustic lye, rendering the fibers separable. The mass is then fermented and the resulting paste may be molded into any desired shape.

No. 2,680, of 1864, A II. A Durant. Hemp or other fiber is combined with papier-mache.

1877.

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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia
Knight, Ed.

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Wood, Ar-ti-fi′cial.

Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia Knight, Ed.

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Table of Contents:

Wood, Ar-ti-fi′cial.

Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia
Knight, Ed.