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Spe-cif′ic-grav′i-ty In′--stru-ment.

Professor Hare's litrameter, for ascertaining the relative density of liquids, is shown in Fig. 5353.

Two equal glass tubes a a′ communicate with each other and with an elastic bag b by means of a pipe c terminating in a cock, to which the mouth of the bag is tied. The tubes are both attached to an upright standard d, provided with a graduated scale e, divided into 220 parts, which may be read to tenths by a vernier f. Two indexes g g′ on the tube a correspond respectively to the graduations 100 and 200 on the scale. One of the tubes a′ being immersed in a vessel of water, and the other a in a vessel containing the liquid to be tested, the bulb b is compressed, partially forcing out the air contained in the tubes. On releasing the bulb the fluids ascend in the tubes. If the fluid to be tested is heavier than water, the expulsion of the air is so regulated that it shall stand a little above the level of the lower index; the cups are then removed, and sufficient air admitted to the tubes by a valve arrangement h to reduce its level exactly to that of the lower index g; the columns in the two tubes are now supported by the excess of atmospheric pressure over that of the air in the upper parts of the tubes, which, of course, is precisely equal in both. The vernier then, being adjusted to the level of the water in the tube a′, indicates the specific gravity of the other liquid. If a liquid lighter than water is to be examined, its level is brought to the hight of the upper index, and the reading of the scale halved.

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Robert Hare (1)
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