Steam-pump.
An application of the steamen-gine to pumping purposes.
The steam-pump known as
Cameron's special, extensively used in collieries, is shown in Figs 5715, 5716.
a is the steam-cylinder;
b c, piston and rod;
d, steam-chest;
e, plunger, operating the slide-valve
f; g g, reversingvalves, covered by bonnets
i i; k, body-piece, connecting steam-cylinders and water-cylin-
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ders
q; l, valve-chest, and
m m, valves of the water-cylinder;
o, air-discharge vessel.
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Brake's steam fire-pump. |
The reciprocating motion of the steampiston alternately opens the reversing-valves
g, which exhaust steam from either end of the plunger
e; steam pressure at the other end forces it from that to the other end of its stroke, and opens or closes the steam-ports
n n controlled by the slide-valve
f, which admits steam to the piston.
The exhaust takes place through the ports
p p, and the valves
g g are reversed by steam from an unseen passage communicating directly with the steam-chest.
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Portable steam-pump. |
Fig 5717 is
Blake's steampump for feeding boilers or for forcing water under heavy pressure.
The steam-valve, an improved modification of the common slide-valve, is arranged to run under either high or low pressure, exhausting into the condenser or into the atmosphere The operation of the valve does not depend on the elasticity of the steam, and consequently it may be worked with certainty by water-pressure enabling the apparatus to be readily started, when the valve is filled with the cold water of condensation.
Fig. 5718 shows a modified form of this pump, specially adapted for fire-extinguishing purposes.
The portable pump (
Fig. 5719) has an upright boiler, the pump being horizontal.
The water-eduction port is connected with an air-chamber, to render the discharge continuous.
The
Paragon steam-pump (
Fig. 5720) has its induction and eduction orifices
a b controlled by valves, so connected that one opens as the other closes, and
vice versa, by the action of the water, as the ram
c, which is in one piece with the piston
d of the steam-cylinder, rises and falls as steam is admitted above or below it.
A fly-wheel
e rotated by an eccentric connected with the piston-rod regulates the velocity of the strokes
The
Selden steam-pump (
Fig. 5721) has two pump-cylinders, operating by a plunger directly connected with the piston-rod, working in a cylinder between them.
The cylinder is of greater diameter than the piston, enabling water containing grit and dirt to be pumped without injuring the parts by grinding.
The steam-cylinder valve-rod projects beyond each end of the steam-chest and has a lever at each end, which is struck by a rod on the piston passing through the two cylinder heads, thus operating the valve.
In
Knowles's steam-pump (
Fig. 5722), the steam and pump cylinders are both horizontal, and the latter is provided with an air-chamber to cause a uniform delivery of water.
Fig 5723 illustrates another form of vertical steam-pump.
See draining-En-Gine.
The pump (Fig 5724) is particularly designed for mining purposes, and where gritty or sandy water is to be raised.
It is a double-cylinder plunger-pump.
The two plungers
a a′ are directly connected to the piston rod of the steam-cylinder, which does not enter the water-cylinders, but passes through guideflanges at their sides, and is consequently not subject to the abrasive action of gritty matters contained in the water.
Fig. 5725 is what is known as an “oil line-pump,” used in the petroleum regions, where an inclination is to be overcome in conveying oil from the well to a depot or other situation above ground.
It has two pumping-cylinders
a b, one at each
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end of the steam-cylinder
c; one acts as a suction and the other as a forcing pump; the pipe
d connecting the two enters near the head of the one and near the foot of the other, so that while the latter is drawing the former is forcing.
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Vertical steam-pump. |
See also “Journal of mining,” Vol.
I., the first cut in each number, Nos. 17 to 26, inclusive; and Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, Vol.
II.
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Double-plunger mining-pump. |
