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High-press′ure a-larm′.

The object of this device, as the name indicates, is to give notice and prevent an explosion of a steam-generator. It consists mainly of two classes: 1. Fusible plugs in the side of the boiler, which give way when a certain heat is attained, and allow the steam to escape. 2. Valves which open when the pressure becomes excessive, and allow exit to steam, which blows an alarmwhistle. The first depend upon temperature, the second upon pressure. Pressure and temperature bear a certain ratio to each other.

1. Ashcroft's patents of March 19, 1850, and February 18, 1851, refer to methods for the protection and insulation of the plug which is destined to give way at a certain temperature and relieve the boiler.

The patent of C. Evans, May 8, 1834, describes the use and operation of the fusible plug, which is composed usually of lead and tin, with the addition, in some cases, of bismuth. The ingredients are so proportioned as to melt at the heat at which it is desired that notice shall be given. It is used as a low-water detector, as well as to indicate high pressure, and for protection of the boiler may be placed at that portion which is most likely to be unduly heated when the water is low. See fusible alloys, p. 62.

2. The alarms acting by pressure are of the nature of the safety-valve; the noise of the escaping steam or its impingement upon a whistle causing an audible alarm. See low-water alarm; safety-valve.

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