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106. Nouns that vary in Gender are said to be heterogeneous. 1

a. The following have a masculine form in -us and a neuter in -um: balteus , cāseus , clipeus , collum , cingulum , pīleus, tergum , vāllum , with many others of rare occurrence.

b. The following have in the Plural a different gender from that of the Singular:—

Note.--Some of these nouns are heteroclites as well as heterogeneous.

balneum (N.), bath; balneae (F.), baths (an establishment).
caelum (N.), heaven; caelōs (M. acc., Lucr.).
carbasus (F.), a sail; carbasa (N.) (-ōrum), sails.
dēlicium (N.), pleasure; dēliciae (F.), pet.
epulum (N.), feast; epulae (F.), feast.
frēnum (N.), a bit; frēnī (M.) or frēna (N.), a bridle.
iocus (M.), a jest; ioca (N.), iocī (M.), jests.
locus (M.), place; loca (N.), locī (M., usually topics, passages in books).
rāstrum (N.), a rake; rāstrī (M.), rāstra (N.), rakes.

1 That is, “of different genders” (ἕτερος, another, and γένος, gender).

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