Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges
J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, Ed.

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[*] 390. An intransitive verb often takes the Accusative of a noun of kindred meaning, usually modified by an adjective or in some other manner.

This construction is called the Cognate Accusative or Accusative of Kindred Signification:—

1. “tūtiōrem vītam vīvere ” (Verr. 2.118) , to live a safer life.
2. “tertiam iam aetātem hominum vīvēbat ” (Cat. M. 31) , he was now living the third generation of men.
3. servitūtem servīre, to be in slavery.
4. coīre societātem, to [go together and] form an alliance.

[*] a. Verbs of taste, smell, and the like take a cognate accusative of the quality:—

1. “ vīnum redolēns ” (Phil. 2.63) , smelling [of] wine.
2. “ herbam mella sapiunt ” (Plin. H. N. 11.18) , the honey tastes [of] grass.
3. “olēre malitiam ” (Rosc. Com. 20) , to have the odor of malice.
4. “Cordubae nātīs poētīs, pingue quiddam sonantibus atque peregrīnum ” (Arch. 26) , to poets born at Cordova, whose speech had a somewhat thick and foreign accent.

[*] b. The cognate accusative is often loosely used by the poets:—

1. “huic errōrī similem [errōrem] īnsānīre ” (Hor. S. 2.3.62) , to suffer a delusion like this.
2. saltāre Cyclōpa (id. 1.5.63), to dance the Cyclops (represent in dancing).
3. “ Bacchānālia vīvere ” (Iuv. 2.3) , to live in revellings.
4. “ Amaryllida resonāre ” (Ecl. 1.5) , to reëcho [the name of] Amaryllis.
5. “intonuit laevum ” (Aen. 2.693) , it thundered on the left.
6. “ dulce rīdentem, dulce loquentem ” (Hor. Od. 1.22.23) , sweetly smiling, sweetly prattling.
7. “ acerba tuēns ” (Aen. 9.794) , looking fiercely. [Cf. Eng. “to look daggers.”]
8. torvum clāmat (id. 7.399), he cries harshly.

[*] c. A neuter pronoun or an adjective of indefinite meaning is very common as cognate accusative (cf. §§ 214. d, 397. a):—

1. “Empedoclēs multa alia peccat ” (N. D. 1.29) , Empedocles commits many other errors.
ego illud adsentior Theophrastō; (De Or. 3.184), in this I agree with Theophrastus.
multum tē ista fefellit opīniō; (Verr. 2.1.88), you were much deceived in this expectation (this expectation deceived you much).
2. plūs valeō, I have more strength.
3. plūrimum potest, he is strongest.
4. “ quid mē ista laedunt ” (Leg. Agr. 2.32) , what harm do those things do me?
5. hōc tē moneō, I give you this warning (cf. d. N.1).
6. id laetor, I rejoice at this (cf. d. N.1).
7. quid moror, why do I delay?
quae hominēs arant, nāvigant, aedificant (Sall. Cat. 2.7), what men do in ploughing, sailing, and building.

[*] d. So in many common phrases:—

1. “sī quid ille sē velit ” (B. G. 1.34) , if he should want anything of him (if he should want him in anything).
2. “numquid, Geta, aliud mē vīs ” (Ter. Ph. 151) , can I do anything more for you, Geta (there is nothing you want of me, is there)? [A common form of leave-taking.]
quid est quod, etc., why is it that, etc.? [Cf. hōc erat quod (Aen. 2.664), was it for this that, etc.?]

[*] Note 1.--In these cases substantives with a definite meaning would be in some other construction:—

1. inhōc eōdempeccat, he errs in this same point.
2. bonīsrēbuslaetārī, to rejoice at prosperity. [Also:in, dē , or ex .]
3. dē testāmentōmonēre, to remind one of the will. [Later: genitive, § 351.]
4. officī admonēre, to remind one of his duty. [Also: dē officiō .]

[*] Note 2.--In some of these cases the connection of the accusative with the verb has so faded out that the words have become real adverbs: as, multum , plūs, plūrimum; plērumque, for the most part, generally; cēterum , cētera, for the rest, otherwise, but; prīmum, first; nihil, by no means, not at all; aliquid, somewhat; quid, why; facile, easily. So in the comparative of adverbs (§ 218). But the line cannot be sharply drawn, and some of the examples under b may be classed as adverbial.

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TWO ACCUSATIVES