[*] 249. Adjectives with the sense of belonging to are formed by means of the suffixes—
-
So from common nouns:—
mont-ānus, of the mountains; mōns (stem monti-), mountain. veter-ānus, veteran; vetus (stem veter-), old. antelūc-ānus, before daylight; ante lūcem, before light. terr-ēnus, earthly; terra, earth. ser-ēnus, calm (of evening stillness); sērus, late. coll-īnus, of a hill; collis, hill. dīv-īnus, aivine; dīvus, god. lībert-īnus, of the class of freedmen; lībertus, one's freedman. cûi-ās, of what country? quis, who? īnfim-ās, of the lowest rank; īnfimus, lowest. for-ēnsis, of a market-place, or the Forum; forum, a market-place. cīvi-cus, civic, of a citizen; cīvis, a citizen. fullōn-icus, of a fuller; fullō, a fuller. mer-ācus, pure; merum, pure wine. fēmin-eus, of a woman, feminine; fēmina, a woman. lact-eus, milky; lac, milk (stem lacti-). plēb-ēius, of the commons, plebeian; plēbēs, the commons. patr-icius, patrician; pater, father. -
But especially from proper nouns to denote belonging to or coming
from:
[*] a. Many derivative adjectives with these endings have by usage become nouns:—Rōm-ānus, Roman; Rōma, Rome. Sull-ānī, Sulla's veterans; Sulla . Cyzic-ēnī, Cyzicenes, people of Cyzicus; Cyzicus . Ligur-īnus, of Liguria; Liguria. Arpīn-ās, of Arpinum; Arpīnum . Sicili-ēnsis, Sicilian; Sicilia, Sicily. Īli-acus, Trojan (a Greek form); Īlium, Troy. Platōn-icus, Platonic; Platō. Aquil-êius, a Roman name;Aquil-êia, a town in Italy; Aquila. Silv-ānus, M., a god of the woods; silva, a wood. membr-āna, F., skin; membrum, limb. Aemili-ānus , M., name of Scipio Africanus; Aemilia ( gēns ). lani-ēna, F., a butcher's stall; lanius, butcher. Aufidi-ēnus, M., a Roman name; †Aufidius ( Aufidus ). inquil-īnus, M., a lodger; incola, an inhabitant. Caec-īna , used as M., a Roman name; caecus, blind. ru-īna, F., a fall; ruō, fall (no noun existing). doctr-īna , F., learning; doctor, teacher. [*] Note.--Of these terminations, -ānus, -ēnus, -īnus are compounded from -nus added to a stem-vowel: as, arca , arcānus; collis, collīnus . The long vowels come from a confusion with verb-stems (as in plē-nus,fīnī-tus, tribū-tus), and from the noun-stem in ā-. as, arcānus . A few nouns occur of similar formation, as if from verb-stems in ō- and ū-: as, colōnus (colō, cf. incola), patrōnus (cf. patrō , -āre), tribūnus (cf. tribuō, tribus), Portūnus (cf. portus ), Vacūna (cf. vacō, vacuus).