[*] 217.
The classes of Adverbs, with examples, are as
follows
:—
a. Adverbs of Place
1
|
hīc,
here.
|
hūc,
hither.
|
hinc, hence.
|
hāc, by this
way.
|
|
ibi, there.
|
eō,
thither.
|
inde, thence.
|
eā, by that
way.
|
|
istīc,
there.
|
istūc,
thither.
|
istinc, thence.
|
istā, by that
way.
|
|
illīc,
there.
|
illūc,
thither.
|
illinc, thence.
|
illā (
illāc
), by that way.
|
|
ubi, where.
|
quō,
whither.
|
unde, whence.
|
quā, by what
way.
|
|
alicubi,
somewhere.
|
aliquō,
somewhither, |
alicunde, from
some- |
aliquā, by
some way.
|
|
（to) somewhere.
|
where.
|
|
ibīdem, in the
same
|
eōdem, to the
same
|
indidem, from
the
|
eādem, by the
same
|
|
place.
|
place.
|
same place.
|
way.
|
|
alibī,
elsewhere, in
|
aliō,
elsewhere, to
|
aliunde, from
an- |
aliā, in
another
|
|
another place.
|
another place.
|
other place.
|
way.
|
|
abiubi,
wherever.
|
quōquō,
whitherso- |
undecunque,
whence- |
quāquā,
in whatever
|
|
ever.
|
soever.
|
way.
|
|
ubivīs,
anywhere, |
quōvīs,
anywhere, |
undique, from
every
|
quāvīs,
by whatever
|
|
where you will.
|
whither you will.
|
quarter.
|
way.
|
|
sĭcubi, if
anywhere.
|
sīquō,
if anywhere
|
sīcunde, if
from any- |
sīquā,
if anywhere.
|
|
（anywhither). |
where.
|
|
<*>ēcubi, lest
any- |
nēquō,
lest any- |
nēcunde, lest
from
|
nēquā,
lest any- |
|
where.
|
whither.
|
anywhere.
|
where.
|
[*] Note.--The
demonstrative adverbs
hīc
,
ibi
,
istīc
,
illīc
, and their correlatives, correspond in signification
with the pronouns
hīc
, is,
iste
,
ille
(see § 146), and are often equivalent to these pronouns with a
preposition: as,
inde
=
ab eō
, etc. So the relative or mterrogative
ubi
corresponds with
quī
(
quis
),
ali-cubi
with
aliquis
, ubiubi with
quisquis
, sī-cubi with
sīquis
(see §§ 147-151, with the
table of correlatives in § 152).
ūsque,
all the way to;
usquam,
anywhere;
nusquam,
nowhere;
citrō,
to this side;
intrō,
inwardly;
ultrō,
beyond
(or
freely, i.e. beyond what is required);
porrō,
further
on.
quōrsum (for
quō vorsum,
whither
turned?),
to what end?
hōrsum,
this way;
prōrsum,
forward (
prōrsus,
utterly);
intrōrsum,
inwardly;
retrōrsum,
backward;
sūrsum,
upward;
deorsum,
downward;
seorsum,
apart;
aliōrsum,
another
way.
b. Adverbs of Time
quandō,
when?
(interrogative);
cum (
quom
),
when (relative);
ut,
when,
as;
nunc,
now;
tunc (
tum
),
then;
mox,
presently;
iam,
already;
dum,
while;
iam diū
,
iam dūdum
,
iam prīdem,
long ago, long since.
prīmum (
prīmō
),
first;
deinde (
posteā
),
next after;
postrēmum (
postrēmō
),
finally;
posteāquam
,
postquam,
when (
after that, as soon
as).
umquam (
unquam
),
ever;
numquam (
nunquam
),
never;
semper,
always.
aliquandō,
at some
time, at length;
quandōque (
quandōcumque
),
whenever;
dēnique,
at
last.
quotiēns (
quotiēs
),
how often;
totiēns,
so often;
aliquotiēns,
a number
of times.
cotīdiē,
every day;
hodiē,
to-day;
herī,
yesterday;
crās,
to-morrow;
prīdiē,
the
day before;
postrīdiē,
the day after;
in diēs,
from day to
day.
nōndum,
not yet;
necdum,
nor yet;
vixdum,
scarce yet;
quam prīmum,
as soon
as possible;
saepe,
often;
crēbrō,
frequently;
iam nōn,
no
longer.
c. Adverbs of Manner, Degree, or Cause
quam,
how,
as;
tam,
so;
quamvīs,
however much,
although;
paene,
almost;
magis,
more;
valdē,
greatly;
vix,
hardly.
cūr
,
quārē,
why;
ideō
,
idcircō
,
proptereā,
on this account, because;
eō,
therefore;
ergō,
itaque
,
igitur,
therefore.
ita
,
sīc,
so;
ut (
utī
),
as,
how;
utut
,
utcumque,
however.
