[*] 143. The aorist participle generally represents an action as past with reference to the time of its leading verb. E.g.
- Ταῦτα ποιήσαντες ἀπελθεῖν βούλονται, having done this, they (now) wish to go away.
- Ταῦτα εἰπόντες ἀπῆλθον, having said this, they went away.
- “Οὐ πολλοὶ φαίνονται ξυνελθόντες,” “not many appear to have joined in the expedition.” THUC. i. 10.
- “Βοιωτοὶ ἐξ Ἄρνης ἀναστάντες τὴν Βοιωτίαν ᾤκησαν,” “Boeotians who had been driven from Arne settled Boeotia.” THUC. i. 12.
- “Ἔφαμεν οὔτε ἐπιστήμην οὔτε ἄγνοιαν ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ ἔσεσθαι, ἀλλὰ τὸ μεταξὺ αὖ φανὲν ἀγνοίας καὶ ἐπιστήμης,” “i.e. we said that it would be the province of neither knowledge nor ignorance, but of that which should have appeared （φανέν） in due course between these.” PLAT. Rep. 478D . (Here φανέν is past to ἔσεσθαι, though absolutely future; see 22.)
- “Ἀφίκετο δεῦρο τὸ πλοῖον, γνόντων τῶν Κεφαλλήνων, ἀντιπράττοντος τούτου, ἐνταῦθα καταπλεῖν αὐτό,” “the vessel arrived here, the Cephallenians having determined that it should return to this port, although this man opposed it.” DEM. xxxii. 14. (Here γνόντων denotes time past relatively to ἀφίκετο, and ἀντιπράττοντος time present relatively to γνόντων, which is its leading verb.)
