William Watson Goodwin, Syntax of the Moods and Tenses of the Greek Verb

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[*] 884. IV. The participle (not in indirect discourse) with verbs signifying to hear, learn (hear of), see, or perceive denotes the act which is perceived or heard of (not, as in indirect discourse, the fact that the act occurs). Here the participle approaches very nearly the ordinary object infinitive in its use, and the tenses of the participle differ only as the same tenses of the infinitive differ in such constructions, the aorist not denoting past time (148). E.g. Βαρὺ δὲ στενάχοντος ἄκουσεν, “and he heard him groaning heavily.” Od. viii. 95. Εἰ δὲ φθεγξαμένου τευ ἢ αὐδήσαντος ἄκουσεν, “but if he had heard any one call or speak.” Od. ix. 497. (The aorist participles denote the occurrence of the act, as the present denotes its progress.) Ἤκουσα δέ ποτε αὐτοῦ καὶ περὶ φίλων διαλεγομένου, I once heard him discourse, etc. (see 886). XEN. Mem. ii. 4, 1. “Τοσαῦτα φωνήσαντος ῾σξ. αὐτοῦ） εἰσηκούσαμεν,” “so much we heard him say.” SOPH. O.C. 1645. Ἤδη πώποτέ του ἤκουσας αὐτῶν λόγον διδόντος οὐ καταγέλαστον; PLAT. Rep. 493 D. Μεγάλ᾽ ἔκλυεν αὐδήσαντος. Hom. Od. iv. 505. Οὔ πω πεπύσθην Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος, “they had not yet heard of the death of Patroclus.” Hom. Il. xvii. 377; so 427. Ὡς ἐπύθοντο τῆς Πύλου κατειλημμένης, “when they heard of the capture of Pylus.” THUC. iv. 6. (But with the accusative, in ὅτι πύθοιτο τὸ Πλημμύριον ἑαλωκός, that he had heard that P. was captured, THUC. vii. 31, as indirect discourse. See Classen's note on iv. 6.) Οἱ τούτους ὁρῶντες πάσχοντας, “those who see these suffer.” PLAT. Gorg. 525 C. Μή σε ἴδωμαι θεινομένην. Il. i. 587.So Od. x. 99. Τῷ κέ μ᾽ ἴδοις πρώτοισιν ἐνὶ προμάχοισιν μιγέντα, “then would you see me mingle with the foremost champions.” Od. xviii. 379; so 176, ὃν ἠρῶ γενειήσαντα ἰδέσθαι, to see with a beard. “Τῷ πώποτ᾽ εἶδες ἤδη ἀγαθόν τι γενόμενον;” “to whom did you ever yet see any good come?” AR. Nub. 1061. Ὅταν αὐτὸν ἴδῃ ἐξαίφνης πταίσαντα πρὸς τῇ πόλει καὶ ἐκχέαντα τά τε αὑτοῦ καὶ ἑαυτόν, “when he sees him suddenly come into collision with the state and fall overboard with all his belongings.” PLAT. Rep. 553 A. Εἰ μὴ ὤφθησαν ἐλθόντες. THUC. iv. 73. (The aorist participle with a verb of seeing is not common in prose.) Αἰσθόμενος Λαμπροκλέα πρὸς τὴν μητέρα χαλεπαίνοντα, “perceiving Lamprocles angry with his mother.” XEN. Mem. ii. 2, 1. Οὐδεμίαν πώποτε ἀγέλην ᾐσθήμεθα συστᾶσαν ἐπὶ τὸν νομέα. Id. Cyr. i. 1, Id. Cyr. 2.So also αἰσθάνομαι with the genitive: ᾔσθησαί μου ἢ ψευδομαρτυροῦντος ἢ συκοφαντοῦντος; Id. Mem. iv. 4, Id. Mem. 11. Οἶμαί σε οὐκ ἂν φάναι γενομένου ποτὲ ἐν σαυτῷ τοῦ τοιούτου αἰσθέσθαι, “I think you would not say that you ever knew such a thing to happen within yourself.” PLAT. Rep. 440 B. Τὸν δὲ νόησεν ἑστεῶτ̓, “and he perceived him standing.” Il. iv. 200.