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part:
chapter:
DEFINITIONS
SYNTAX OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCE
KINDS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES
EXPANSION OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCE
AGREEMENT: THE CONCORDS
THE SUBJECT
OMISSION OF THE SUBJECT
CASE OF THE SUBJECT: THE NOMINATIVE
THE PREDICATE
CONCORD OF SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF NUMBER
PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF GENDER
PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF PERSON
ADJECTIVES
ADVERBS
THE ARTICLE
—
ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT
PRONOUNS
THE CASES
PREPOSITIONS
THE VERB: VOICES
VERBAL NOUNS
THE PARTICIPLE
VERBAL ADJECTIVES IN
-τέος
SUMMARY OF THE FORMS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES
COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES: COÖRDINATION AND SUBORDINATION
SYNTAX OF THE COMPOUND SENTENCE
SYNTAX OF THE COMPLEX SENTENCE
CLASSES OF SUBORDINATE CLAUSES
ADVERBIAL COMPLEX SENTENCES
(
2193
-
2487
)
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(
RELATIVE CLAUSES:
2488-
2573
)
DEPENDENT SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES
(
2574
-
2635
)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES (QUESTIONS)
INDIRECT (DEPENDENT) QUESTIONS
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
PARTICLES
SOME GRAMMATICAL AND RHETORICAL FIGURES
section:
PURPOSE CLAUSES
(
FINAL CLAUSES
)
OBJECT CLAUSES
CAUSAL CLAUSES
RESULT CLAUSES (CONSECUTIVE CLAUSES)
ὥστε
(RARELY
ὡς
) WITH THE INFINITIVE
ὥστε
(
ὡς
) WITH A FINITE VERB
CLAUSES WITH
ἐφ᾽ ᾧ
AND
ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε
INTRODUCING A PROVISO
CONDITIONAL CLAUSES
CLASSIFICATION OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
CONCESSIVE CLAUSES
TEMPORAL CLAUSES
CLAUSES OF COMPARISON
subsection:
A. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO FORM
B. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO FUNCTION
TABLE OF CONDITIONAL FORMS
PRESENT AND PAST CONDITIONS
FUTURE CONDITIONS
GENERAL CONDITIONS
DIFFERENT FORMS OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES IN THE SAME SENTENCE
VARIATIONS FROM THE ORDINARY FORMS AND MEANINGS OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
This text is part of:
Table of Contents:
Part I: Letters, Sounds, Syllables, Accent
Part II: Inflection
Part IV: Syntax
ADVERBIAL COMPLEX SENTENCES
(
2193
-
2487
)
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
(
RELATIVE CLAUSES:
2488-
2573
)
[*] 2300. The apodosis may be the simple indicative or any other form of the simple sentence appropriate to the thought. a. Simple Indicative: εἰ τοῦτ᾽ ἔχει καλῶς, ἐκεῖνο αἰσχρῶς if this is excellent, that is disgraceful Aes. 3.188, εἰ μὲν (Ἀσκληπιὸς) ““θεοῦ ἦν, οὐκ ἦν αἰσχροκερδής: εἰ δ᾽ αἰσχροκερδής, οὐκ ἦν θεοῦ” if Asclepius was the son of a god, he was not covetous; if he was covetous, he was not the son of a god” P. R. 408c, εἴ τέ τι ἄλλο . . . ἐγένετο ἐπικίνδυ_νον τοῖς Ἕλλησι, πάντων . . . μετέσχομεν and if any other danger befell the Greeks, we took our share in all T. 3.54, ““ἦ καλὸν . . . τέχνημα ἄρα κέκτησαι, εἴπερ κέκτησαι” in truth you do possess a noble art, if indeed you do possess it” P. Pr. 319a, εἴπερ γε Δα_ρείου . . . ἐστι παῖς . . . , οὐκ ἀμαχεὶ ταῦτ᾽ ἐγὼ λήψομαι if indeed he is a son of Darius, I shall not gain this without a battle X. A. 1.7.9, Κλέαρχος εἰ παρὰ τοὺς ὅρκους ἔλυ_ε τὰ_ς σπονδά_ς, τὴν δίκην ἔχει assuming that Clearchus broke the truce contrary to his oath, he has his deserts 2. 5. 41, εἰ δὲ δύο ἐξ ἑνὸς ἀγῶνος γεγένησθον, οὐκ ἐγὼ αἴτιος but if two trials have been made out of one, I am not responsible Ant. 5.85. b. Indicative with ἄν (unreal indicative, 1786): ““καίτοι τότε . . . τὸν Ὑπερείδην, εἴπερ ἀληθῆ μου νῦν κατηγορεῖ, μᾶλλον ἂν εἰκότως ἢ τόνδ᾽ ἐδίωκεν” and yet, if indeed his present charge against me is true, he would have had more reason for prosecuting Hyperides than he now has for prosecuting my client” D. 18.223 (here ἂν ἐδίωκεν implies εἰ ἐδίωκεν, 2303). So also an unreal indicative without ἄν, 1774: ““τοῦτο, εἰ καὶ τἄλλα πάντ᾽ ἀποστεροῦσιν . . . ἀποδοῦναι προσῆκεν” even if they steal everything else, they should have restored this” D. 27.37. In the above examples each clause has its proper force. c. Subjunctive of exhortation or prohibition (cp. the indicative δεῖ or χρή with the infinitive, 1807): ““ὅθεν δὲ ἀπελίπομεν ἐπανέλθωμεν, εἴ σοι ἡδομένῳ ἐστίν” but let us return to the point whence we digressed, if it is agreeable to you” P. Ph. 78b, εἰ μὲν ἴστε με τοιοῦτον . . . μηδὲ φωνὴν ἀνάσχησθε if you know that I am such a man . . . do not even endure the sound of my voice D. 18.10. d. Optative of wish (cp. the indicative ἐλπίζω): ““κάκιστ᾽ ἀπολοίμην, Ξανθία_ν εἰ μὴ φιλῶ” may I perish most vilely, if I do not love Xanthias” Ar. Ran. 579. e. Potential optative: θαυμάζοιμ᾽ ἂν εἰ οἶσθα I should be surprised if you know P. Pr. 312c. The potential optative (or indicative with ἄν, above b) sometimes suggests an inference (cp. the indicative δοκεῖ and inf. with ἄν). Thus, εἰ μὲν γὰρ τοῦτο λέγουσιν, ὁμολογοίην ἂν ἔγωγε οὐ κατὰ τούτους εἶναι ῥήτωρ for if they mean this, I must admit (it seems to me that I must admit) that I am an orator, but not after their style P. A. 17b (cp. τοῦτό γέ μοι δοκεῖ καλὸν εἶναι, εἴ τις οἷός τ᾽ εἴη παιδεύειν ἀνθρώπους this seems to me a fine thing, if any one should be able to train men 19 e), εἰ γὰρ οὗτοι ὀρθῶς ἀπέστησαν, ὑ_μεῖς ἂν οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχοιτε<*> for if they were right in revolting, you must be wrong in holding your empire T. 3.40 (cp. οὐκ ἄρα χρὴ ὑ_μᾶς ἄρχειν). f. Imperative (cp. the indicative κελεύω order, ἀπαγορεύω forbid): ““εἴ τις ἀντιλέγει, λεγέτω” if any one objects, let him speak” X. A. 7.3.14.
American Book Company, 1920.
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