Herbert Weir Smyth, A Greek Grammar for Colleges

THE ARTICLE AND A PREDICATE NOUN

[*] 1151. Predicate comparatives and superlatives, possessive pronouns, and ordinals have no article: ᾤμην τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ γυναῖκα πα_σῶν σωφρονεστάτην <*> I thought that my wife was (the) most virtuous of all L. 1.10, Χαιρεφῶν <*> ἑταῖρος ἦν Chaerephon was a friend of mine P. A. 21a. Cp. 1125 d.

[*] 1152. Even in the predicate the article is used with a noun referring to a definite object (an individual or a class) that is well known, previously mentioned or hinted at, or identical with the subject: οἱ δ᾽ ἄλλοι ἐπιχειροῦσι βάλλειν <*> Δέξιππον ἀνακαλοῦντες τὸν προδότην the rest try to strike Dexippus calling him ‘the traitor’ X. A. 6.6.7, οὗτοι ἦσαν οἱ φεύγοντες τὸν ἔλεγχον these men were those who (as I have said) avoided the inquiry Ant. 6.27. οἱ τιθέμενοι τοὺς νόμονς <*> ἀσθενεῖς ἄνθρωποί εἰσι καὶ οἱ πολλοί the enactors of the laws are the weak men and the multitude P. G. 483b, ““ὑπώπτευε δὲ εἶναι τὸν διαβάλλοντα Μένωνα” he suspected that it was Menon who traduced him” X. A. 2.5.28 (here subject and predicate could change places). So also with ὁ αὐτός the same (1209 a), θἄ_τερον one of two (69), τοὐναντίον the opposite.