B. NEUTERS WITH STEMS IN τ AND IN α_τ VARYING WITH ας
[*] 258.
ὄνομα name (
ὀνοματ-),
στόμα mouth (
στοματ),
μέλι honey (
μελιτ-),
γάλα milk (
γαλακτ-, 133 b),
φῶς light (
φωτ-),
κῆρ heart (for
κηρδ-, 133 b).
a. Stems in
ας (
264) drop
ς before the endings and contract
αο, αω to
ω, and
αα to
α_.
b. κέρας, meaning
wing of an army, is declined from the stem
κερασ- (
ἐπὶ κέρως in single file); in the meaning
horn, from the stem
κερα_τ-.
c. For the inflection
ἧπαρ, ἥπατ-ος, see 253 b. Of like inflection are
ἄλειφαβ fat,
φρέα_ρ cistern,
δέλεαρ bait, and poetic
ἦμαρ day,
εἶδαρ food,
πεῖραρ end.
d. τέρας, κέρας form their nominative from a stem in
ς. So, too,
πέρας end πέρατ-ος, φῶς light (contracted from
φάος)
φωτ-ός (253 c).
[*] 258 D. The other dialects rarely show the
τ forms. Hom. has
τέρας, τέραα (
τείρεα),
τεράων, τεράεσσι, κέρας, κέραος, κέραι, κέρα, κεράων, κέρασι and
κεράεσσι. Hdt. has
ε for
α before a vowel (cp. 264 D. 3) in
τέρεος, τέρεα (also
τέρατος, τέρατα),
κέρεος, κέρει, κέρεα, κερέων. Hom. has
πεῖρας πείρατος for
πέρας πέρατος. From
φάος (
φόως), whence
φῶς, he has dat.
φάει, pl.
φά_εα. φάος is used in tragedy.
