Basil L. Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek

“ὅλη μέν που χορεία ὅλη παίδευσις ἦν ἡμῖν”, PLATO, Legg. 672E; The whole choral art was, as we saw (218), the whole of education.

ORATORES ATTICI. No example.

PLATO, Legg. 672E (see above). 942 D: “καὶ ὅλην εὐκολίαν τε καὶ εὐχέρειαν ἐπιτηδεύειν τῶν αὐτῶν εἵνεκα”. Rpb. 577 D-E: “καὶ ἡ τυραννευομένη ἄρα ψυχὴ ἥκιστα ποιήσει ἃ ἂν βουληθῇ, ὡς περὶ ὅλης εἰπεῖν ψυχῆς”.

THUC. , HDT. No example.

AR. Pax, 26-8: “καὶ φαγεῖν οὐκ ἀξιοῖ”, | “ἢν μὴ παραθῶ τρίψας δἰ ἡμέρας ὅλης” | “ὥσπερ γυναικὶ γογγύλην μεμαγμένην”.

SOPH. fr. [1026]: “ὅλην δ᾽ ἐκείνην εὐφρόνην”.

PIND. O. 3.19-20: “διχόμηνις ὅλον χρυσάρματος” | . . . “ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντέφλεξε Μήνα”. 10 (11), 43: “ὃ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐν Πίσᾳ ἔλσαις ὅλον τε στρατὸν” | “λαίαν τε πᾶσαν”. N. 3.49: “ἑξέτης τὸ πρῶτον, ὅλον δ᾽ ἔπειτ᾽ ἂν χρόνον”.

642. “πᾶς, ἅπας, σύμπας” (“συνάπας”). — The original difference between “ἅπας” and “πᾶς” gradually faded and the avoidance of hiatus in artistic prose tended to prevent the employment of “ἅπας” after a vowel. On the other hand, after a consonant a dislike to “πᾶς” began to manifest itself. “καλῶ δ᾽ ἐναντίον ὑμῶν ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι τοὺς θεοὺς ἅπαντας” (so all MSS.) “καὶ π άσας”, says Demosthenes, 18.141, though in the prooemium he had said “τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις”. The extent of this discrimination according to position varies with various authors and various spheres. The extremes are found in the Pseudo-Xenophontean “Ἀθηναίων πολιτεία”, which uses “πᾶς” and “ἅπας” indifferently after vowels and consonants, and in Isocrates, who applies the rule with great rigor.

According to Diels, Gött. gel. Anz. 1894.297 ff., Isocrates uses “πᾶς” 340 times, 287 times after a vowel, and 53 times after a consonant; “ἅπας” is used 528 times after a consonant and only 14 times after a vowel (12 times after “περί” and twice after “πρό”). The 53 exceptional cases of the use of “πᾶς” after a consonant are due to other euphonic considerations, to the fixity of stereotyped expressions, such as “ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου”, to faulty tradition, or to lack of revision. The Panegyricus presents no exception. For further details, see Diels, l.c.

Numerically “πᾶς”, as a rule, far outweighs “ἅπας; ἅπας” is much more frequent than “σύμπας”, and “συνάπας” is rare. In Plato, according to computations based upon the tables of Walbe, Syntaxis Platonicae specimen, Bonn, 1888, pp. 4 sq., “πᾶς” occurs 5714 times, “ἅπας” 834 times, “ξύμπας” 372 times, and “ξυνάπας” 13 times. In Isocrates, however, “ἅπας” is much more common than “πᾶς” (see above), and in Plato 's Sophistes and Politicus “ξύμπας” occurs more than twice as often as “ἅπας” (20: 8 and 45: 18).