Basil L. Gildersleeve, Syntax of Classical Greek

Organized number is singular. So “δῆμος” of the (official) people. The conception often shifts.

“ὁ δῆμος δεσπότης ἦν καὶ κύριος πάντων,” DEM. 3.30 ; The people was lord and master of all. “ἡ δὲ βουλὴ . . . ὀλιγαρχίας ἐπεθύμει,” LYS.13.20 ; The senate craved an oligarchy.

DEM.3.30(see above).

LYS.13.20 (see above). 35: “ὁ δὲ δῆμος . . . ἐψηφίσατο” , and frequently.

XEN. Hell. 1.4.12: “ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ Πλυντήρια ἦγεν ἡ πόλις” , The day on which the city was celebrating the Plynteries. Ibid. 1.7.3: “ἡ βουλὴ ἔδησε” . Ibid. 1.7.12: “τὸ δὲ πλῆθος ἐβόα δεινὸν εἶναι εἰ μή τις ἐάσει τὸν δῆμον πράττειν ὃ ἂν βούληται” , The multitude cried out that it was an outrage if the commons were not to be permitted to do what they would. (Here the “πλῆθος” claims to be the “δῆμος”.)

THUC.3.22.5: “τὸ δὲ στρατόπεδον ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος ὥρμησεν”, The army rushed to the wall. 3.72.3: “ὁ μὲν δῆμος ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν καταφεύγει . . . καὶ τὸν Ὑλλαϊκὸν λιμένα εἶχον” , The people flee to the citadel and they held the Hyllaean harbor. 5.82.2: “ὁ δῆμος ἀναθαρσήσας ἐπέθεντο” (= “οἱ πολλοί”) “τοῖς ὀλίγοις”, The commonalty took heart again and they attacked the oligarchy. 6.30.2: “ξυγκατέβη δὲ καὶ ὁ ἄλλος ὅμιλος ἅπας ὡς εἰπεῖν ὁ ἐν τῇ πόλει καὶ ἀστῶν καὶ ξένων” . 6.31.1: “οἱ δὲ ξένοι καὶ ὁ ἄλλος ὄχλος κατὰ θέαν ἧκεν ὡς ἐπὶ ἀξιόχρεων καὶ ἄπιστον διάνοιαν” .

SOPH. Ant. 733. O. C. 741-2: “πᾶς σε Καδμείων λεὼς καλεῖ δικαίως” . Tr. 194-5.

AESCHYL. Pers. 127-8: “λεὼς σμῆνος ὣς ἐκλέλοιπεν”.

PIND. N. 7.23-4: “τυφλὸν δ᾽ ἔχει” | “ἦτορ ὅμιλος ἀνδρῶν ὁ πλεῖστος”. 9.21: “φαινομέναν δ᾽ ἄῤ ἐς ἄταν σπεῦδεν ὅμιλος ἱκέσθαι”.

HOM. Il. 2.99: “σπουδῇ δ᾽ ἕζετο λαὀς”. 17.723-4: “ἐπὶ δ᾽ ἴαχε λαὸς ὄπισθε” | “Τρωικός, ὡς εἴδοντο κτἑ”. 17.755 (120). 18.603-4: “πολλὸς δ᾽ ἱμερόεντα χορὸν περιίσταθ̓ ὅμιλος” | “τερπόμενοι”. 23.133: “μετὰ δὲ νέφος εἴπετο πεζῶν”.