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[*] 170. Passive of middle verbs. The passive serves on occasion as the passive of the middle as well as the passive of the active. “βιάζομαι”, I suffer violence (I am forced); “ἀφαιροῦμαι”, I am robbed; “ᾑρέθην”, I was chosen. Not so, however, in Homer. DEM.28.14: “οὗτος δὲ καὶ μεταπεμφθῆναι φάσκων ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός” (cf. ibid.: “εἰσελθεῖν μὲν οὔ φησιν ὡς τὸν μεταπεμψάμενον”). LYS.13.23: “ἐπειδὴ . . . τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐψηφίσθη, κατέρχονται . . . οἱ α ἱρεθέντες τῶν βουλευτῶν” . Ibid. 29: “ἐψηφίσθη” . PLATO, Legg. 755E: “πρὶν . . . βουλὴν ᾑρῆσθαι”. 770 A: “ᾕρηνται δὲ ἡμῖν νομοφύλακες”. XEN. Conv. 2.26: “οὐ βιαζόμενοι” (166). Mem. 3.2.3: “βασιλεὺς αἱρεῖται οὐχ ἵνα ἑαυτοῦ καλῶς ἐπιμέληται, ἀλλ᾽ ἵνα κτἑ”. (cf. ibid.: “στρατηγοὺς αἱροῦνται”). THUC.7.77.3: “ἀποχρώντως ἤδη τετιμωρήμεθα”. HDT.1.70: “τάχα δὲ ἂν καὶ οἱ ἀποδόμενοι λέγοιεν . . . ὡς ἀπαιρεθείησαν ὑπὸ Σαμίων” [cf. ibid.: “λέγουσι ὡς . . . Σάμιοι ἀπελοίατο αὐτόν” (sc. “τὸν κρητῆρα”）]. AR. Nub. 758: “εἴ σοι γράφοιτο . . . δίκη” (cf. 1481-2: “εἴτ᾽ αὐτοὺς γραφὴν διωκάθω γραψάμενος” ). SOPH. Ant. 1073: “ἐκ σοῦ βιάζονται τάδε” .
Syntax of Classical Greek from Homer to Demosthenes. Basil L. Gildersleeve. New York. American Book Company. 1900.
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