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τοὺς τῶν τεχνυδρίων: sc. μαθητικούς, or rather perhaps φίλους or the like, supplied from the termination of μαθητικούς. Cf. φιλοτέχνους in 476 A. Athenaeus (X 452 C) wrongly connects τούς with φιλοσόφους. ὁμοίους μὲν φιλοσόφοις . μέν without δέ is common enough after ἀλλά, the antithesis being contained in the preceding negative: cf. Prot. 344 A and Crito 43 D. It is also found in other cases where the antithesis is easy to supply: cf. IV 421 A, V 472 D, and Heindorf on Theaet. 161 E. Such men resemble φιλόσοφοι as the shadow resembles the substance; for the objects of sense, which they love, are shadows or copies of the objects of knowledge. The phrase receives its fullest interpretation from the simile of the Cave in Book VII. οὐδαμῶς -- τοιόνδε. Cf. 473 A note Socrates again appeals to Glauco as one Platonist to another. We are to infer that the Theory of Ideas was already familiar in the school of Plato. δύο αὐτὼ εἶναι should not be translated ‘that they are two things’ (D. and V.), but simply ‘that they are two.’
The Republic of Plato. James Adam. 1902. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
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